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Table 2 Comparison of cognitive functions between exercise and control groups

From: Effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive function in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial

 

Mean difference (95% CI) between before and after 6 months

Mean difference (95% CI) between before and after 12 months

Time

Group

Group × time

 

Exercise (n=25)

Control (n=25)

Exercise (n=25)

Control (n=25)

df

F value

P value

df

F value

P value

df

F value

P value

MMSE

0.32 (−0.96−1.60)

−1.37 (−2.66−−0.07)

−0.47 (−1.75−0.81)

−0.44 (−1.74−0.86)

92.1

1.17

0.32 d

48.0

2.2

0.14 g

92.1

3.4

0.04

WMS-LM I

3.83 (1.40−6.25)

0.60 (−1.87−3.06)

4.62 (2.19−7.05)

5.00 (2.53−7.46)

90.9

23.0

<0.01 a, b, e, f

47.8

0.9

0.34 g

90.9

3.9

0.03

WMS-LM II

3.79 (1.49−6.10)

2.09 (−0.25−4.43)

5.13 (2.82−7.43)

6.20 (3.86−8.54)

91.1

35.4

<0.01 a, b, e, f

48.1

1.1

0.30

91.1

2.1

0.13

DSC

−0.19 (−4.20−3.81)

3.27 (−0.80−7.34)

3.64 (−0.36−7.64)

3.73 (−0.34−7.80)

90.4

5.0

<0.01

48.0

0.2

0.65

90.4

1.4

0.25

LVFT

2.87 (0.57−5.17)

−0.97 (−3.31−1.37)

2.99 (0.69−5.30)

1.61 (−0.73−3.95)

91.2

5.9

<0.01

48.3

0.3

0.59

91.2

4.1

0.02

CVFT

1.54 (−1.27−4.35)

−1.81 (−4.67−1.04)

1.33 (−1.48−4.14)

−1.61 (−4.46−1.25)

91.2

0.02

0.98

48.5

3.1

0.08

91.2

2.5

0.09

SCWT-I

−3.30 (−7.56−0.96)

−0.98 (−5.30−3.34)

−3.68 (−7.94−0.58)

−3.20 (−7.52−1.12)

91.5

3.9

0.02

47.7

0.73

0.40

91.5

0.5

0.62

SCWT-III

−4.70 (−12.72−3.33)

0.15 (−8.00−8.30)

−2.61 (−10.64−5.42)

−4.57 (−12.72−3.58)

92.0

1.2

0.31

48.8

0.009

0.92

92.0

1.1

0.34

  1. MMSE; mini-mental state examination, WMS-LM; Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler memory scale-revised, DSC; digit-symbol cording, LVFT; letter verbal fluency test, CVFT; category verbal fluency test, SCWT; Stroop Color and Word Test, TMIG; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology index.
  2. a P < .05; significant differences between before and after 6 months in the exercise group, b P < .05; significant differences between before and after 12 months in the exercise group, c P < .05; significant differences between after 6 months and 12 months in the exercise group, d P < .05; significant differences between before and after 6 months in the control group, e P < .05; significant differences between before and after 12 months in the control group, f P < .05; significant differences between after 6 months and 12 months in the control group, g P < .05; significant differences between the exercise and control groups at after 6 months, h P < .01; significant differences between the exercise and control groups at after 12 months.