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Table 4 Base case results by disease severity for the 10 years following treatment initiation*

From: Evaluating the cost effectiveness of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in Germany using discrete event simulation

Patients with MMSE ≥ 10 and ≤ 26 versus untreated patients

Untreated

Donepezil

Net difference

Survival (undiscounted, in years)

4,870

4,870

0,000

Drug Costs

€ 0

€ 4,625

€4,625

Total Non-Drug Direct Costs

€126,863

€115,231

-€11,632

Total Direct Costs

€126,863

€119,856

-€7,007

Indirect Costs

€87,138

€84,253

-€2,885

Total Costs

€214,001

€204,108

-€9,893

Years with MMSE > 10

1,972

2,435

0,463

Years with NPI < 28

2,680

2,794

0,114

Years with ADL < 50

1,896

2,036

0,140

Years with IADL < 50

0,241

0,303

0,062

Years in Institution

1,663

1,457

-0,206

Total Care Time (Years)

1,908

1,845

-0,063

QALYs (Patient)

1,659

1,790

0,131

QALYs (Caregiver)

3,272

3,287

0,014

QALYS (Patient + Caregiver)

4,931

5,077

0,146

Health Care Direct Cost/QALY (Patient + Caregiver)

 

Dominant

Societal Total Cost/QALY (Patient +Caregiver)

 

Dominant

Patients with MMSE ≥ 10 and < 20 versus memantine

Memantine

Donepezil

Net difference

Survival (undiscounted, in years)

4,909

4,909

0,000

Drug Costs

€4,972

€4,696

-€276

Total Non-Drug Direct Costs

€129,702

€128,019

-€1,684

Total Direct Costs

€134,674

€132,715

-€1,960

Indirect Costs

€89,572

€88,707

-€ 865

Total Costs

€224,246

€221,422

-€2,825

Years with MMSE > 10

2,023

2,801

0,058

Years with NPI < 28

2,808

2,751

-0,058

Years with ADL < 50

1,772

1,835

0,062

Years with IADL < 50

0,186

0,209

0,023

Years in Institution

1,702

1,673

-0,028

Total Care Time (Years)

1,961

1,942

-0,019

QALYs (Patient)

1,663

1,677

0,014

QALYs (Caregiver)

3,276

3,279

0,003

QALYS (Patient + Caregiver)

4,939

4,956

0,017

Health Care Direct Cost/QALY (Patient + Caregiver)

 

Dominant

Societal Total Cost/QALY (Patient +Caregiver)

 

Dominant

  1. *All outcomes are presented at discounted values