Skip to main content

Table 3 MRI variables classified according to JVR status (i.e. positive or negative) for each disease group

From: Jugular venous reflux and brain parenchyma volumes in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

 

JVR negative

JVR positive

Significance p value

Cohen’s d

Controls, n (%)

5 (21.7)

13 (29.5)

n.a.

n.a.

Normalized WB volume, mean (SD)

1341.7 (44.6)

1342.3 (54.5)

0.924

0.013

Normalized GM volume, mean (SD)

719.7 (42.2)

731.3 (34.2)

0.633

0.326

Normalized WM volume, mean (SD)

622.0 (23.7)

611.0 (29.4)

0.443

0.396

CSF volume

364.1 (33.5)

390.7 (50.4)

0.336

0.566

MCI, n (%)

9 (39.1)

24 (54.5)

n.a.

n.a.

Normalized WB volume, mean (SD)

1274.9 (68.3)

1321.7 (55.8)

0.079

0.754

Normalized GM volume, mean (SD)

686.8 (49.3)

726.0 (37.7)

0.045

0.890

Normalized WM volume, mean (SD)

588.1 (32.8)

595.7 (35.3)

0.824

0.221

CSF volume

377.3 (54.2)

350.8 (61.7)

0.284

0.440

AD, n (%)

9 (39.1)

7 (15.9)

n.a.

n.a.

Normalized WB volume, mean (SD)

1267.8 (35.2)

1322.2 (54.7)

0.054

1.060

Normalized GM volume, mean (SD)

683.4 (26.6)

716.8 (42.9)

0.142

0.889

Normalized WM volume, mean (SD)

584.4 (30.4)

605.5 (26.2)

0.252

0.709

CSF volume

392.9 (75.1)

346.8 (66.2)

0.252

0.632

MCI and AD combined, n (%)

18 (78.3)

31 (70.5)

n.a.

n.a.

Normalized WB volume, mean (SD)

1271.4 (52.8)

1321.8 (54.7)

0.009

0.858

Normalized GM volume, mean (SD)

685.1 (38.4)

723.9 (38.4)

0.003

0.914

Normalized WM volume, mean (SD)

586.3 (30.8)

597.9 (3.34)

0.356

0.358

CSF volume

385.1 (64.0)

349.9 (61.6)

0.076

0.548

  1. MCI Mild cognitive impairment, AD Alzheimer’s disease, JVR Jugular venous reflux, WB Whole brain, GM Gray matter, WM White matter, CSF Cerebrospinal fluid.
  2. Volumes are expressed in millilitres.
  3. n.a. not applicable, n Number, SD Standard deviation, % - Percentage.
  4. p values determined by 2-tailed Mann Whitney U-test.