Long-term outcome of vertebral artery origin stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke

BMC Neurology

Table 4 Predictors of composite cardiovascular outcome in the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	Univariate analysis		Model 1		Model 2
	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P-value	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P-value	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P-value
Age (per 1 year)	1.01 (0.97–1.05)	0.720	1.00 (0.95–1.06)	0.893	-
Sex, male	0.95 (0.40–2.23)	0.901	0.77 (0.22–2.70)	0.678	0.83 (0.34–2.05)	0.685
Hypertension	2.27 (0.66–7.75)	0.181	2.10 (0.56–7.82)	0.271	-
Diabetes	2.21 (0.88–5.55)	0.082	1.89 (0.70–5.11)	0.208	-
Hyperlipidemia	1.32 (0.56–3.14)	0.522	1.31 (0.52–3.33)	0.570	1.54 (0.64–3.72)	0.340
Atrial fibrillation	1.39 (0.31–6.32)	0.669	1.56 (0.24–10.24)	0.642	1.19 (0.23–6.10)	0.837
Smoking	1.19 (0.49–2.90)	0.697	1.52 (0.40–5.77)	0.538	-
Previous stroke history	1.33 (0.51–3.44)	0.557	1.40 (0.51–3.82)	0.516	-
Coronary arterial disease	1.26 (0.45–3.59)	0.661	0.99 (0.31–3.17)	0.984	-
Peripheral arterial disease	4.99 (1.13–22.0)	0.034	8.29 (0.92–74.52)	0.059	-
ESRS (per 1)	1.38 (1.01–1.88)	0.045	-		1.46 (1.02–2.08)	0.036
Symptomatic stenosis of vertebral artery origin*	0.99 (0.41–2.39)	0.978	1.09 (0.40–2.95)	0.869	1.04 (0.40–2.74)	0.935
Concurrent vertebrobasilar stenosis^‡	1.61 (0.67–3.90)	0.287	1.12 (0.39–3.21)	0.837	1.35 (0.52–3.55)	0.540
Concurrent carotid stenosis^‡	0.90 (0.30–2.68)	0.848	0.41 (0.89–1.91)	0.256	0.65 (0.21–2.06)	0.467

*symptomatic stenosis compared to asymptomatic stenosis of vertebral artery origin.
^†indicates the presence of concurrent severe stenosis or occlusion of the contralateral vertebral artery, or tandem stenosis of the intracranial vertebral artery or basilar artery.
^‡indicates the concurrent presence of more than 50% stenosis of at least one carotid artery.
ESRS Essen Stroke Risk Score.

ISSN: 1471-2377