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Table 2 Predictors of poor long term survival among 665 participants from the EMMA cohort during 4 years of follow-up

From: Predictors of long-term survival among first-ever ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in a Brazilian stroke cohort

All stroke

1-year

2- year

3-year

4-year

 

Hazard ratio (95% IC)

Hazard ratio (95% IC)

Hazard ratio (95% IC)

Hazard ratio (95% IC)

Age strata

    

  35-59

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  60-79

1.38 (0.85-2.11)

1.52 (1.00-2.34)

1.57 (1.04-2.38)

1.46 (0.99-2.17)

  ≥ 80

2.92 (1.76-4.86)

3.67 (2.27-5.93)

3.66 (2.29-5.83)

3.42 (2.19-5.34)

Race

    

  White

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Brown

0.79 (0.55-1.14)

0.78 (0.57-1.12)

0.81 (0.59-1.15)

0.83 (0.61-1.12)

  Black

0.42 (0.15-1.14)

0.37 (0.14-1.00)

0.44 (0.18-1.08)

0.54 (0.26-1.10)

Educational level

    

  ≥ 8 years

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  1-7 years

1.26 (0.85-1.87)

1.25 (0.87-1.81)

1.27 (0.89-1.81)

1.22 (0.87-1.71)

  Illiterate

1.59 (1.03-2.48)

1.96 (1.31-2.94)

1.89 (1.28-2.81)

1.83 (1.26-2.68)

Marital status

    

  Married

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Single

0.87 (0.52-1.48)

1.01 (0.63-1.62)

1.01 (0.64-1.60)

1.00 (0.63-1.54)

  Divorced

0.71 (0.33-1.54)

0.82 (0.43-1.59)

0.82 (0.43-1.58)

0.98 (0.55-1.75)

  Widowed

1.10 (0.77-1.57)

1.05 (0.75-1.48)

1.06 (0.76-1.46)

1.07 (0.78-1.46)

Diabetes

    

  No

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Yes

1.38 (1.01-1.89)

1.45 (1.08-1.94)

1.42 (1.07-1.87)

1.41 (1.07-1.85)

Ischemic stroke

    

Age strata

    

  35-59

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  60-79

1.30 (0.77-2.19)

1.38 (0.85-2.25)

1.43 (0.90-2.28)

1.35 (0.87-2.01)

  ≥ 80

2.90 (1.62-5.18)

3.40 (1.97-5.87)

3.37 (1.99-5.71)

3.21 (1.94-5.31)

Race

    

  White

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Brown

0.85 (0.57-1.26)

0.84 (0.58-1.22)

0.86 (0.61-1.22)

0.88 (0.63-1.22)

  Black

0.52 (1.90-1.42)

0.45 (1.66-1.23)

0.45 (0.17-1.24)

0.57 (2.64-1.23)

Educational level

    

  ≥ 8 years

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  1-7 years

1.32 (0.83-2.08)

1.47 (0.95-2.27)

1.48 (0.98-2.23)

1.41 (0.95-2.10)

  Illiterate

1.57 (0.94-2.63)

2.12 (1.31-3.44)

2.00 (1.27-3.21)

2.00 (1.28-3.10)

Marital status

    

  Married

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Single

0.71 (0.37-1.36)

0.83 (0.47-1.49)

0.84 (0.49-1.47)

0.83 (0.48-1.42)

  Divorced

0.64 (0.27-1.48)

0.81 (0.40-1.64)

0.80 (0.40-1.61)

0.98 (0.53-1.80)

  Widowed

1.10 (0.74-1.63)

1.04 (0.71-1.52)

1.04 (0.73-1.49)

1.06 (0.75-1.50)

Diabetes

    

  No

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Yes

1.49 (1.05-2.12)

1.54 (1.11-2.16)

1.48 (1.09-2.03)

1.45 (1.07-1.97)

Intracerebral hemorrhage

    

Age strata

    

  35-59

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  60-79

1.65 (0.61-4.42)

2.16 (0.83-5.61)

2.40 (0.94-6.14)

2.27 (0.93-5.53)

  ≥ 80

3.44 (1.11-10.64)

3.53 (1.19-10.46)

3.83 (1.35-10.85)

3.36 (1.23-9.18)

Race

    

  White

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Brown

0.55 (0.21-1.42)

0.59 (0.25-1.37)

0.56 (0.25-1.29)

0.57 (0.25-1.31)

  Black

-

-

0.48 (0.06-3.78)

0.51 (0.07-3.97)

Educational level

    

  ≥ 8 years

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  1-7 years

1.08 (0.48-2.46)

0.81 (0.37-1.77)

0.76 (0.35-1.62)

0.70 (0.33-1.49)

  Illiterate

1.64 (0.65-4.14)

1.68 (0.75-3.77)

1.64 (0.75-3.57)

1.41 (0.65-3.06)

Marital status

    

  Married

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Single

1.53 (0.56-5.17)

1.86 (0.74-4.66)

1.77 (0.74-4.25)

1.84 (0.78-4.37)

  Divorced

2.16 (0.27-17.53)

1.13 (0.15-8.67)

1.20 (0.16-9.18)

1.21 (0.16-9.25)

  Widowed

1.26 (0.50-3.13)

1.45 (0.63-3.33)

1.46 (0.67-3.21)

1.42 (0.65-3.14)

Diabetes

    

  No

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

Reference (1.0)

  Yes

0.95 (0.46-1.94)

1.02 (0.52-1.97)

1.01 (0.53-1.92)

1.09 (0.58-2.06)

  1. P-values were obtained from Cox Regression. CI 95%: confidence interval 95%. All multivariate analyses were adjusted for age, race, educational level, marital status and diabetes, except itself.