Cognitive dysfunction associated with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity: a case-control study

BMC Neurology

Table 3 Neuropsychological test scores and NPI-Q scores (mean (SD))

	GADA	Control	p-values
	(n = 21)	(n = 19)
Global cognitive functioning
MMSE	28.8 (1.7)	29.1 (1.4)	0.63
Intellectual ability (WAIS-III)
FIQ	94.0 (16.2)	105.8 (11.8)	0.01
VIQ	96.0 (16.3)	107.2 (13.9)	0.03
PIQ	92.8 (16.2)	100.5 (12.1)	0.10
VC	97.6 (14.4)	106.0 (13.9)	0.07
PO	93.5 (14.4)	102.5 (10.6)	0.03
WM	93.6 (17.6)	99.7 (11.6)	0.20
PS	94.0 (16.0)	96.5 (13.7)	0.61
Attention
Digit Span, forward	6.3 (1.3)	6.8 (1.2)	0.15
Digit Span, backward	5.0 (1.5)	4.8 (1.0)	0.78
Stroop Test	145.5 (82.0)	112.4 (39.3)	0.11
Memory
LMT, immediate	23.8 (8.6)	26.3 (7.8)	0.34
LMT, delay	19.0 (7.7)	23.0 (7.5)	0.11
RCFT, copy	34.7 (2.7)	35.5 (1.2)	0.28
RCFT, immediate	19.1 (10.1)	23.8 (5.2)	0.07
RCFT, delay	18.5 (9.7)	23.8 (4.8)	0.03
RCFT, recognition	19.9 (2.1)	20.6 (2.1)	0.29
Executive functions
VF, phonemic (Fu/A/Ni)	24.6 (7.3)	31.3 (8.2)	0.009
VF, category (Animal)	16.9 (4.1)	17.6 (4.2)	0.56
TMT, part A	49.4 (18.3)	45.1 (15.1)	0.43
TMT, part B	151.3 (122.0)	108.6 (66.2)	0.17
Neuropsychiatric state
NPI-Q severity^†	1.2 (2.0)	0.4 (0.9)	0.36
NPI-Q distress^†	1.2 (2.5)	0.2 (0.5)	0.28

Higher scores indicate better performance on all of the neuropsychological tests except for the trail-making test and the Stroop test, in which higher scores indicate worse performance. High NPI-Q scores reflect worse neuropsychiatric status.
Abbreviations: GADA glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, LMT logical memory test, RCFT Rey Osterrieth complex figure test, VF verbal fluency tests, TMT trail making test, NPI-Q neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire.
† Mann-Whitney U test.

ISSN: 1471-2377