Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample
Total sample (#78) | Exposed to DMD (#45) | Not-exposed (#33) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables related to MS father | ||||
Age, mean (SD) years (#78) | 34.8 (4.8) | 35.4 (5.3) | 33.9 (3.9) | 0.476* |
Education, mean (SD) years (#62) | 13.4 (3.5) | 13.2 (3.3) | 13.8 (4.0) | 0.548* |
Age at onset, mean (SD) years (#75) | 26.5(6.8) | 27.0 (7.2) | 25.7 (6.2) | 0.352* |
Disease duration, mean (SD) years (#74) | 8.4 (5.9) | 8.5 (6.0) | 8.3 (5.9) | 0.812* |
Smokers # (%) (#78) | 26 (33.3) | 14 (31.1) | 12 (36.4) | 0.627** |
Alcohol # (%) (#78) | 14 (17.9) | 10 (22.2) | 4 (12.1) | 0.251** |
Variables related to pregnancy and fetal outcomes | ||||
Drug and toxin exposure # (%) (78) | - | - | - | - |
Smoking exposure # (%) (78) | 5 (6.4) | 2 (4.4) | 3 (9.1) | 0.645§ |
Alcohol exposure # (%) (#78) | - | - | - | - |
Gestational age (weeks) (#72) | 38.9 (3.8) | 39.0 (2.1) | 38.7 (5.2) | 0.513* |
Preterm delivery # (%) (#72) | 10 (13.9) | 7 (17.1) | 3 (9.7) | 0.499§ |
Caesarean delivery # (%) (#75) | 24 (32.0) | 15 (34.1) | 9 (29.0) | 0.644** |
Epidural analgesia # (%) (#75) | 16 (21.3) | 10 (22.7) | 6 (19.4) | 0.726** |
Gender of the baby male/female (#75) | 36/39 | 21/23 | 15/16 | 0.955** |
Birth-weight mean (SD) gr (#75) | 3301.3 (454.9) | 3282.3 (445.5) | 3328.4 (474.1) | 0.821* |
Birth-length mean (SD) cm (#67) | 50.1 (2.2) | 49.9 (2.3) | 50.2 (2.1) | 0.649* |