Co-morbidities increase the risk of disability pension among MS patients: a population-based nationwide cohort study

Table 3 The influence of different measures for musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and mental disorders on DP among MS patients and the general population during follow-up 2006–2010 estimated as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)

Models^a	MS patients HRs (95% CI)	General population HRs (95% CI)	Effect modifications Wald X ²(p-values)
Model 1 ^b
Musculoskeletal disorders	1.49 (1.33-1.67)	2.51 (2.48-2.54)	80.44 (<0.01)
Cardiovascular disorders	1.02 (0.90-1.16)	1.70 (1.68-1.72)	60.96 (<0.01)
Mental disorders	2.44 (1.18-2.74)	6.97 (6.88-7.05)	318.93 (<0.01)
Model 2 ^c
Musculoskeletal disorders	1.16 (1.03-1.32)	3.34 (3.30-3.71)	274.50 (<0.01)
Cardiovascular disorders	1.09 (0.92-1.29)	2.16 (2.14-2.19)	64.87 (<0.01)
Mental disorders	1.56 (1.35-1.80)	6.15 (6.08-6.22)	341.33 (<0.01)
Model 3 ^d
Musculoskeletal disorders	1.10 (0.98-1.53)	3.05 (3.02-3.10)	260.53 (<0.01)
Cardiovascular disorders	1.05 (0.92-1.19)	1.73 (1.71-1.75)	59.40 (<0.01)
Mental disorders	2.27 (2.03-2.53)	7.02 (6.94-7.10)	388.42 (<0.01)

^aAll models are adjusted for gender, age, educational level, country of birth, type of living area, geographic region, and cohabiting status. Cohabiting status, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and mental disorder are modeled as time-dependent covariates. Not having the specific disorder is the reference category.
^bCardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and mental disorder variables are based sick-leave (MiDAS) and in and out-patient ICD-10 diagnoses (PAR); M00-M99, I00-I99 and F00-F99, and the following ATC-codes (PDR); M01-M09, C01-C10 & N05-N06.
^cCardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and mental disorder variables are based on sick-leave (MiDAS) and in- and out-patient ICD-10 diagnoses (PAR); M00-M99, I00-I99 and F00-F99.
^dCardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and mental disorder variables are based on the same criteria as model 1, except that the drugs hypnotics and sedatives (ATC: N05C), centrally acting sympathomimetics (N06BA) anesthetics (M01), and muscle relaxants (M03) have been excluded from the case definition.

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