From: Neuropsychological outcome after carbon monoxide exposure following a storm: a case-control study
Patients | Controls | p value | Cohen’s D | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 38) | (n = 38) | |||
Cognitive assessment | ||||
Disorientation in time and space (MEM III) | ||||
MEM III, orientation (/14) | 13.76 (±0.48) | 13.86 (±0.34) | 0.281 | - |
Memory | ||||
Free recall | ||||
FCRST (sum of 3 free recall, /48) | 11.21 (±2.30) | 11.86 (±2.32) | 0.048 | 0.47 |
FCRST (delayed free recall, /16) | 13 (±2.02) | 13.92 (±1.51) | 0.028 | 0.52 |
Cued recall | ||||
FCSRT (sum of 3 total recall, /48) | 14.63 (±1.66) | 15.36 (±0.88) | 0.030 | 0.55 |
FCSRT (delayed total recall, /16) | 15.63 (±0.91) | 15.92 (±0.35) | 0.073 | - |
Executive functions | ||||
Processing speed | ||||
TMT A time | 36.73 (±17.64) | 31.13 (±12.04) | 0.110 | - |
Stroop test (denomination time) | 64.21 (±14.58) | 59.05 (±8.39) | 0.063 | - |
Stroop test (reading time) | 48.31 (±10.07) | 41.71 (±6.54) | 0.001 | 0.79 |
Digit symbol test (/133) | 67.92 (±17.80) | 76.71 (±17.74) | 0.034 | 0.49 |
Working memory | ||||
Letter-Number sequencing (WAIS III, /21) | 9.97 (±2.56) | 11.36 (±2.36) | 0.016 | 0.57 |
Flexibility | ||||
TMTB time | 36.73 (±17.64) | 31.13 (±12.04) | 0.010 | 0.63 |
TMT B-A time | 54.55 (±43.57) | 32.24 (±24.13) | 0.008 | 0.64 |
TMT B-A Errors | 0.08 (±0.68) | 0.13 (±0.34) | 0.685 | - |
Inhibition | ||||
Stroop test (interference score, time) | 59.65 (±38.36) | 39.86 (±21.37) | 0.007 | 0.61 |
Stroop test (interference score, non-corrected errors) | 0.47 (±1.51) | 0.02 (±0.16) | 0.013 | 0.59 |
Language | ||||
Denomination (/10) | 9.95(±0.23) | 9.95 (±0.23) | 1.000 | - |
Psychiatric assessment | ||||
MNI, major depressive episode, n (%) | 8 (21.05%) | 0 | 0.003 | - |
MNI, manic episode, n (%) | 2 (5.26%) | 1 (2.63%) | 0.556 | - |
MNI, hypomanic episode, n (%) | 2 (5.26%) | 0 | 0.152 | - |
MNI, post-traumatic stress disorder, n (%) | 6 (15.78%) | 0 | 0.011 | - |
MNI, psychotic disorders, n (%) | 1 (2.63%) | 0 | 0.314 | - |
MNI, antisocial personality disorder, n (%) | 0 | 0 | - | - |
Global assessment | ||||
Cognitive complaints | ||||
Mc Nair score (/45) | 11.56 (±7.97) | 13.52 (±5.00) | 0.206 | - |
Quality of life | ||||
MOS SF-36, Total (/135) | 103.81 (±18.37) | 113.42 (±9.29) | 0.020 | 0.69 |