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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of ET-PD patients in comparison to ET-only, PD-only patients and controls

From: Ultrasonographic (TCS) and clinical findings in overlapping phenotype of essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease (ET-PD)

Demographic and clinical characteristics

Patients (n = 272)

Pvalue*

Controls (n = 101)

Pvalue#

ET-PD (n = 15)

ET-only (n = 116)

PD-only (n = 141)

Age, y

69 ± 9.6

63.9 ± 14.4

64.4 ± 11.2

NS

61.7 ± 12.4

NS

Gender (male)

6 (40)

39 (33.6)

75 (53.2)

0.007

56 (55.4)

0.004

Sympt. duration y

6 (3-15)

5 (1-10)

3 (1-6)

0.003a

N/A

N/A

Family history +

8 (53.3)

35 (31.3)

23 (17)

0.005

4 (4.3)

<0.001

Toxic exposure

3 (20)

19 (16.4)

23 (16.3)

NS

16 (15.8)

NS

Living in rural

4 (26.7)

19 (16.4)

29 (20.6)

NS

16 (15.8)

NS

Cogwheel sign

4 (26.7)

3 (2.6)

129 (91.5)

<0.001

0 (0)

<0.001

Pyramidal signs

2 (13.3)

3 (2.6)

19 (13.5)

0.009

10 (9.9)

0.025

H&Y stage

2.6 ± 0.8

N/A

1.8 ± 0.8

0.012

N/A

N/A

UPDRS part I

1 (0-1)

1 (0-3)

3 (1-4)

NS

N/A

N/A

UPDRS part II

5 (4-6)

13 (12-13)

11 (7-16)

NS

N/A

N/A

UPDRS part III

5 (3-6)

4 (1-6)

14 (9-20)

0.021b

N/A

N/A

HAD-Anxiety

1 (1-8)

6 (2-10)

8 (5-11)

NS

5 (3-8)

NS

HAD-Depression

4 (4-7)

4 (2-6)

6 (4-9)

NS

3 (1-7)

NS

SF36-PF

53.3 ± 17.6

52.3 ± 31.8

45.9 ± 25.3

NS

70 ± 24.2

0.001c

SF36-RLPF

16.7 ± 28.9

33.1 ± 29

33.3 ± 27

NS

50.2 ± 29.4

0.020d

SF36-RLEF

33.3 ± 57.7

51.4 ± 30

40.8 ± 34.2

NS

59 ± 32.2

NSe

SF36-EF

43.3 ± 10.4

43.8 ± 24.8

44.5 ± 19.4

NS

58.8 ± 17.1

0.007f

SF36-EW

66.7 ± 38.9

52.5 ± 26

53.7 ± 19.3

NS

64.7 ± 15.8

NSg

SF36-SF

58.3 ± 19.1

57.3 ± 31.5

53.8 ± 24.9

NS

75.7 ± 46.7

0.050h

SF36-P

66.7 ± 18.8

65.7 ± 26.7

49.5 ± 30.7

NS

61.7 ± 28.2

NS

SF36-GH

28.3 ± 2.9

35 ± 19.4

31.1 ± 16.9

NS

49.1 ± 18.5

<0.001i

  1. Values are presented as mean ± SD or median with IQR, and numbers (percentages). *- p values were counted comparing 3 groups of patients, #- p values were counted comparing 4 groups of subjects where available.
  2. The post hoc multiple comparisons between the groups by Tukey HSD and LSD tests revealed significant differences:
  3. a-ET-PD vs. PD-only p = 0.001, 95% CI 2.8-13.1, ET-only vs. PD-only p = 0.002, 95% CI 1.12-5.87; b-LSD test only PD vs. ET-only p = 0.009, 95% CI 2.32-15.61; ET-PD vs. ET-only p = 0.008, 95% CI 4.86-31.08; c-PD-only vs. control group p = 0.001, 95% CI 8.37-39.88; d-PD-only vs. control group p = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-33.83; e-LSD test only, PD-only vs. control group p = 0.018, 95% CI 3.16-33.19; f-PD-only vs. control group p = 0.011, 95% CI 2.48-26.16; ET-only vs. control group p = 0.024, 95% CI 1.46-28.67; g-LSD test only, PD-only vs. controls p = 0.021, 95% CI 1.66-20.19; ET-only vs. controls p = 0.026, 95% CI 1.46-22.76; h-PD-only vs. control group p = 0.039, 95% CI 0.77-43.1; i-PD-only vs. controls p < 0.001, 95% CI 7.24-28.62; ET-only vs. controls p = 0.018, 95% CI 1.77-26.34; LSD test only, PD-only vs. ET-only p = 0.031, 95% CI 1.52-30.94.