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Table 3 Multivariable analysis: association of individual and regional characteristics with place of death (Care Home v Hospital and Home/Hospice v Hospital) in England 2001–2010

From: Reversal of English trend towards hospital death in dementia: a population-based study of place of death and associated individual and regional factors, 2001–2010

Variable

Value

Care home v Hospital

Home/hospice v Hospital

  

PR

Lower 95% CI

Upper 95% CI

PR

Lower 95% CI

Upper 95% CI

Age group

60-79

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

80-84

1.00

0.99

1.01

0.92

0.88

0.95

85-89

1.01

1.00

1.02

0.90

0.87

0.94

90-94

1.05

1.04

1.06

0.94

0.91

0.98

>95

1.11

1.10

1.13

1.05

0.99

1.11

Gender

Women v Men

1.16

1.16

1.17

1.61

1.56

1.65

Marital status

Married

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

Single

1.01

1.00

1.02

0.51

0.48

0.55

Divorced

0.97

0.95

0.98

0.65

0.60

0.69

Widowed

1.01

1.00

1.02

0.66

0.64

0.68

Unknown

1.03

0.99

1.07

0.59

0.47

0.74

Year of death

2001-2005

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

2006-2010

0.96

0.96

0.97

1.24

1.20

1.27

IMD quintile

1st (most deprived)

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

2nd

1.10

1.08

1.12

1.04

1.00

1.09

3rd

1.17

1.14

1.19

1.09

1.04

1.14

4th

1.21

1.19

1.24

1.16

1.11

1.22

5th (most affluent)

1.29

1.26

1.31

1.23

1.18

1.29

Urbanisation

Urban

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

Semi-rural

1.10

1.08

1.12

1.12

1.07

1.17

Rural

1.17

1.15

1.19

1.52

1.46

1.59

Care home beds per 1000

0

1.00

-

-

-

-

-

1-25

1.35

1.32

1.37

-

-

-

26-50

1.68

1.65

1.70

-

-

-

51-250

1.82

1.79

1.85

-

-

-

Underlying cause of death

Dementia

1.00

-

-

1.00

-

-

Respiratory

0.77

0.75

0.79

0.87

0.80

0.94

Cancer

1.00

0.98

1.01

1.84

1.77

1.91

Cardiovascular

0.80

0.79

0.81

0.86

0.82

0.89

Cerebrovascular

0.92

0.91

0.92

0.80

0.77

0.83

Neurological

1.01

1.00

1.03

1.14

1.05

1.23

Other

0.62

0.62

0.63

0.38

0.36

0.39

  1. PR: proportion ratio.
  2. PRs were estimated from Poisson regression models. The clustering effect within the LSOA geographical units was adjusted using the general estimating equation (GEE) method. A PR greater than 1 indicates higher probability of death in a care home or home/hospice.