The burden of stroke and transient ischemic attack in Pakistan: a community-based prevalence study

BMC Neurology

Table 4 Results of multivariable analysis of significant risk factors for stroke and/or transient ischemic attack.

	No CVD	Stroke/TIA	Adjusted odds ratio	P-value
	n (%)^a	n (%)^a	OR (95% CI)
Age, years (SD)	48.3 (12.7)	50.0 (12.8)	1.022 (1.003-1.041)	0.021
Female gender	190 (44.6)	79 (66.4)	2.62 (1.56-4.40)	< 0.001
Family history of CAD or Stroke	86 (20.2)	37 (31.1)	1.65 (1.02-2.69)	0.042
Past Myocardial Infarction	24 (5.6)	11 (11.8)	1.62 (0.77-3.39)	0.205
Hypertension ^b	203 (47.7)	76 (63.9)	1.25 (0.78-2.00)	0.504
Elevated RBS ^c	74 (17.4)	36 (30.3)	1.76 (1.07-2.90)	0.026
Smoking	123 (28.9)	25 (21.0)	1.03 (0.58-1.83)	0.921
Pan, Gutka or Supari Use	78 (18.3)	30 (25.2)	2.06 (1.22-3.49)	0.007
Obesity ^d	229 (53.8)	81 (68.1)	1.49 (0.92-2.41)	0.104

Note: RBS - Random Blood Sugar, CAD - Coronary Artery Disease, BP - Blood Pressure, SD - Standard Deviation, TIA - Transient Ischemic Attack, CI - Confidence Interval. Variables biologically plausible or significant at p < 0.100 on univariate analysis were included in this model.
^aGiven as n(%) except where stated specifically.
^bDefined as systolic BP greater than or equal to 140 mmHg or diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90 mmHg on two readings at least 10 minutes apart and/or self-reported history of persistent hypertension.
^cRaised Random Blood Sugar level greater than or equal to 180 mg/dL on one reading.
^dDefined as body mass index more than or equal to 25 kg/m².

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