Table 2 Overview of the measurement level, target population, upper extremity outcome measures included in the reviews and recommended or meeting the criteria of psychometrics as reported in the primary reviews
From: An overview of systematic reviews on upper extremity outcome measures after stroke
Author year | ICF level (special interest) | Target population | OM for UE and stroke (number) | List of included OM for UE | Recommended or met the criteria of psychometrics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | OM | Standard or criteria used | |||||
Ashford 2008 [22] | Activity (real-life functioning) | stroke, brain injury | 6 | MAL (12,14, 26, 28 items), ABILHAND, Leeds Adult Spasticity Impact Scale | 1 | ABILHAND | Met 9 of 11 criteria |
Baker 2011 [21] | Body function and activity (robot-assisted trials) | stroke | 25 | ARAT, CAHAI, 10s test, AMAT, WMFT, FMA, MSS, MAS, DeSouza, RMA, STREAM, MESUPE, MI, NHPT, FAT, Sodring Motor Evaluation Test, Sollerman, MCA, MMAC, BBT, Functional Test; Patient-reported: DHI, MAL, ABILHAND, UMAQS | 3 Additional scales (2) | CAHAI, STREAM, ABILHAND Additional (FMA, ARAT) | MOT and FDA standards; psychometrics provided for CAHAI, STREAM, ABILHAND |
Connell 2012 [31] | Body function and activity (clinical utility) | neurologic conditions | 11 | BBT, NHPT, ARAT, ABILHAND, MAL (14,26), RMA, MSS, Sollerman, Simplified STREAM, Fitts Reaching test | 2 | BBT, ARAT | Clinical utility criteria of ≥8; criteria of validity, intra/inter-rater reliability, ability to detect change |
Croarkin 2004 [32] | Body function and functional limitation (no disability scales) | stroke | 9 | ARAT, CMSA, FMA, MMAC, MAS, MCA, MI, NHPT, RMA | 6 | NHPT, FMA, MI, CMSA, ARAT, MAS | Met 2 of 3 criteria: validity, inter-rater, test-retest reliability; psychometrics provided |
Gebruers 2010 [30]* | Activity (accelerometry) | stroke | NA | Accelerometry | NA | NA | No specific criteria; psychometrics provided |
Hillier 2010 [23] | ICF (clinical use) | stroke | 7 | Manual muscle testing, Tardieu Scale, WMFT, Grip strength, CAHAI, Hand Active Sensation Test, NHPT | 2 | CAHAI | Standards described for reliability, validity, responsiveness, utility; psychometrics not provided |
Lemmens 2012 [33]* | Activity | stroke, CP | 17 | AMAT, CAHAI, FAT, TEMPA, ARAT, JHFT, MESUPE, WMFT, ABILHAND, MAL, DHI, UBDS, Actual amount of use, Functional test, MFT, Hand Function Survey, Accelerometry | 9 | AMAT, CAHAI, FAT, UBDS, ARAT, JHFT, WMFT, DHI, MAL-26 | No specific criteria; reference provided for validity, reliability, responsiveness; psychometrics not provided |
Platz 2005 [34]* | Body function (spasticity) | stroke, MS, SCI and CP with spasticity | 11 | Ashworth Scale (original, modified, velocity corrected), Muscle Tone Scale, Modified Tardieu Scale, VAS for tone, Tone assessment Scale, ROM (goniometer, estimation), Finger curl test, Tendon reflex scale | 0 | - | No specific criteria; psychometrics not provided |
Simpson 2013 [35]* | Activity (responsiveness) | stroke | 14 | ABILHAND, AMAT, ARAT, Accelerometry, CAHAI, DHI, FAT, Functional Test, Hand Function Survey, JHFT, MAL, SIS, TEMPA, WMFT | 5 | ABILHAND, ARAT, MAL, SIS, WMFT | No specific criteria; MCID values provided |
Sivan 2011 [14] | ICF (robot-assisted trials) | Stroke | 17 | FMA, MSS, CMSA, Ashworth Scale, MRC, Kinematics, Grip strength, NHPT, BBT, ARAT, WMFT, CAHAI, AMAT, RMA (arm), FAT, MAS, ABILHAND | 5 | FMA, Kinematics, ARAT, WMFT, ABILHAND | Criteria high/excellent/moderate for validity, reliability, responsiveness provided |
Tse 2013 [36] | Participation | stroke | 1 | SIS | 0 | - | Criteria for reliability, internal consistency, validity |
van Peppen 2007 [37] | ICF (clinical utility for physiotherapy practice) | stroke | 10 | Core set: MI, FAT; Optional: ROM, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Nottingham Sensory Assessment, Modified Ashworth Scale, FMA, Hand volumeter, ARAT, NHPT | 2 | MI, FAT (core set) | Level of evidence at least 2 (psychometric properties, clinical utility, ICF) |
Velstra 2011 [38]* | ICF (reliability, responsiveness) | stroke, tetraplegia, peripheral or reumathology conditions | 8 | Ashworth Scale, ARAT, MAL, WMFT, JHFT, FMA, Muscle strength, ROM | 2 | ARAT, MAL | No specific criteria; grading very good/good for reliability, internal consistency and responsiveness provided; psychometrics not provided |