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Table 1 Background variables

From: Decision-making under explicit risk is impaired in multiple sclerosis: relationships with ventricular width and disease disability

 

HCs (n = 20)

MS (n = 32)

Test

RR-1 (n = 13)

RR-2 (n = 9)

SP (n = 10)

Test

Female, n (%)

12 (60%)

24 (75%)

χ2 = 1.3

11 (84.6%)

6 (66.7%)

7 (70%)

χ2 = 2.28

p = 0.47

p = 0.60

Age, years

48.2 (11.0)

50.81 (9.5)

t = 0.9

52.0 (9.8)

46.8 (10.7)

52.9 (7.5)

F = 0.96

p = 0.37

p = 0.55

Education, years

14.7 (2.1)

13.6 (1.7)

t = −2.0

14.2 (2.1)

13.2 (1.7)

13.4 (0.9)

F = 1.88

p = 0.051

p = 0.15

Premorbid IQ

110.2 (11.7)

105.2 (12.2)

t = −1.48

110.9 (10.3)

101.2 (15.3)

101.4 (9.0)

F = 2.53

p = 0.15

p = 0.07

MS-onset age, years

--

34.4 (9.7)

--

34.1 (9.2)

35.1 (9.7)

34.3 (11.2)

F = 0.03

p = 0.98

Disease duration, years

--

15.9 (10.3)

--

17.2 (12.8)

11.3 (7.5)

18.4 (8.4)

F = 1.32

p = 0.28

EDSS score (medians, ranges)

--

3 (0–6.5)

--

2 (0–2.5)

3.5 (3–6.5)

6 (3–6.5)

--

MSSS

--

3.9 (2.8)

--

1.7 (2.0) a

5.5 (2.5) b

5.3 (1.8) b

F = 12.0

p < 0.001

Disease-modifying therapy 1

--

9 (28.1%)

--

5 (38.5%)

4 (44.4%)

0 (0.0%)

--

  1. Abbreviations:EDSS Expanded Disability Status Scale; HCs Healthy controls; MSSS Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score; RR-1 Relapsing-remitting MS patients with EDSS scores 0–2.5; RR-2 Relapsing-remitting MS patients with EDSS scores ≥ 3; SP Secondary progressive MS patients.
  2. 1 Interferon beta 1a or 1b or glatiramer acetate.
  3. ab Different superscripts indicate significant between-group differences in post-hoc t-tests, Bonferroni-corrected.
  4. Data are means (standard deviations) unless stated otherwise.