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Fig. 6 | BMC Neurology

Fig. 6

From: An anatomy-based lumped parameter model of cerebrospinal venous circulation: can an extracranial anatomical change impact intracranial hemodynamics?

Fig. 6

Results obtained with model simulations of azygos (a, b) diameter reduction. a Bars showing the increase of the pressure at the node between the fourth and the fifth azygos, the fifth and the sixth, and the eleventh and twelfth azygos portions vs diameter reduction of the first four proximal azygos segments. b Flow rate of AZY1, AZY5, and AZY11 versus diameter reduction of the first four proximal azygos segments. The flow and the pressures at the ends of AZY5 are represented as exemplificative: its flow is retrograde when we simulated a diameter reduction higher than 50 % for the first four AZY segments, because the proximal pressure begins to exceed that of the distal end

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