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Table 5 Amount and Quality of use of grasp and hold wrist scores, tasks older age group

From: Effects of botulinum toxin A and/or bimanual task-oriented therapy on upper extremity activities in unilateral Cerebral Palsy: a clinical trial

 

Follow-up weeks

BITT

 

BoNT-A

 

BoNT-A additional effect

 

Yes (BoNT-A + BITT and BITT-only)

No (BoNT-A-only and control)

p-value

Yes (BoNT-A + BITT and BoNT-A-only)

No (BITT-only and control)

p-value

BoNT-A + BITT

BITT-only

p-value

 

n = 16

n = 5

 

n = 12

n = 9

 

n = 9

n = 7

 

OSAS percentage of use both hands

0

77.3 (2.4)

81.0 (4.3)

 

78.2 (3.0)

80.1 (3.5)

 

76.2 (3.3)

78.5 (3.7)

 

6

77.7 (2.4)

74.4 (4.7)

0.193

80.3 (3.1)

71.9 (3.8)

0.019

82.8 (3.3)

72.3 (3.7)

0.011

12

77.3 (2.4)

77.4 (4.3)

0.472

78.5 (3.0)

76.2 (3.5)

0.324

77.9 (3.3)

76.8 (3.7)

0.484

18

76.8 (2.4)

79.3 (4.7)

0.822

78.7 (3.1)

77.5 (3.8)

0.469

78.2 (3.3)

75.2 (3.7)

0.275

Making a sandwich p -value

24

75.8 (2.4)

76.7 (4.7)

0.602

79.6 (3.1)

72.8 (3.8)

0.050

79.3 (3.3)

72.2 (3.7)

0.057

overall

  

0.737

  

0.127

  

0.087

OSAS Quality grasp wrist

0

1.62 (0.19)

1.66 (0.34)

 

1.59 (0.24)

1.70 (0.27)

 

1.65 (0.25)

1.56 (0.28)

 

Making a sandwich (1–5) SDD 0.55 p -value

6

1.71 (0.19)

1.83 (0.35)

0.732

1.79 (0.24)

1.75 (0.28)

0.434

1.82 (0.25)

1.56 (0.28)

0.471

12

1.51 (0.19)

1.79 (0.34)

0.315

1.67 (0.24)

1.62 (0.27)

0.399

1.57 (0.25)

1.43 (0.28)

0.841

18

1.66 (0.19)

1.91 (0.35)

0.423

1.76 (0.24)

1.81 (0.28)

0.756

1.70 (0.25)

1.61 (0.28)

0.983

24

1.64 (0.19)

1.75 (0.35)

0.823

1.75 (0.24)

1.64 (0.28)

0.279

1.81 (0.250

1.45 (0.28)

0.265

overall

  

0.846

  

0.814

  

0.746

OSAS Quality grasp wrist

0

1.71 (0.22)

1.77 (0.39)

 

1.82 (0.28)

1.66 (0.32)

 

1.93 (0.29)

1.45 (0.33)

 

6

2.02 (0.22)

2.35 (0.41)

0.435

2.50 (0.28)

1.87 (0.33)

0.081

2.38 (0.29)

1.65 (0.33)

0.362

Construction small (1–5) SDD 0.47 p -value

12

2.00 (0.22)

1.64 (0.39)

0.163

2.14 (0.28)

1.49 (0.32)

0.064

2.31 (0.29)

1.69 (0.33)

0.615

18

1.88 (0.22)

1.89 (0.41)

0.872

2.05 (0.28)

1.73 (0.33)

0.554

2.07 (0.29)

1.69 (0.33)

0.719

24

1.76 (0.22)

1.42 (0.41)

0.226

1.70 (0.28)

1.48 (0.33)

0.830

2.00 (0.30)

1.50 (0.33)

0.926

overall

  

0.192

  

0.207

  

0.747

OSAS Quality grasp wrist

0

1.47 (0.17)

1.53 (0.31)

 

1.47 (0.22)

1.53 (0.25)

 

1.52 (0.24)

1.41 (0.27)

 

6

1.64 (0.18)

2.09 (0.32)

0.130

2.12 (0.22)

1.61 (0.26)

0.010

1.90 (0.24)

1.38 (0.27)

0.107

Construction large (1–5) SDD 0.81 p -value

12

1.68 (0.17)

1.78 (0.31)

0.861

1.91 (0.22)

1.56 (0.250

0.086

1.90 (0.24)

1.45 (0.27)

0.242

18

1.72 (0.17)

1.48 (0.33)

0.455

1.63 (0.22)

1.58 (0.26)

0.716

1.77 (0.24)

1.65 (0.27)

0.957

24

1.50 (0.17)

1.11 (0.33)

0.352

1.46 (0.22)

1.15 (0.26)

0.341

1.73 (0.24)

1.24 (0.270

0.442

overall

  

0.084

  

0.026

  

0.169

OSAS Quality hold wrist

0

1.74 (0.19)

1.76 (0.34)

 

1.65 (0.24)

1.85 (0.27)

 

1.73 (0.25)

1.72 (0.28)

 

6

1.98 (0.19)

2.05 (0.36)

0.881

2.17 (0.24)

1.86 (0.29)

0.053

2.27 (0.25)

1.64 (0.28)

0.044

Making a sandwich (1–5) SDD 0.85 p -value

12

1.62 (0.19)

1.90 (0.34)

0.420

1.77 (0.24)

1.75 (0.27)

0.434

1.72 (0.25)

1.49 (0.28)

0.506

18

1.71 (0.19)

2.09 (0.36)

0.237

1.80 (0.24)

2.01 (0.29)

0.964

1.70 (0.25)

1.69 (0.28)

0.992

24

1.76 (0.19)

1.82 (0.35)

0.899

1.70 (0.24)

1.88 (0.28)

0.937

1.82 (0.25)

1.66 (0.28)

0.380

overall

  

0.794

  

0.307

  

0.293

OSAS Quality hold wrist

0

1.86 (0.22)

1.97 (0.40)

 

1.88 (0.28)

1.95 (0.32)

 

1.93 (0.30)

1.76 ((0.34)

 

6

2.08 (0.22)

2.37 (0.42)

0.628

2.54 (0.28)

1.90 (0.34)

0.021

2.44 (0.30)

1.71 (0.34)

0.078

Construction small (1.5) SDD 0.81 p -value

12

1.96 (0.22)

1.81 (0.40)

0.461

2.28 (0.28)

1.50 (0.32)

0.005

2.34 (0.30)

1.58 (0.34)

0.065

18

1.98 (0.22)

1.69 (0.42)

0.293

2.17 (0.28)

1.50 (0.34)

0.017

2.27 (0.30)

1.69 (0.34)

0.199

24

1.84 (0.22)

1.74 (0.42)

0.576

1.97 (0.28)

1.61 (0.34)

0.166

2.12 (0.30)

1.54 (0.34)

0.202

overall

  

0.576

  

0.037

  

0.351

OSAS Quality hold wrist

0

1.59 (0.18)

1.52 (0.32)

 

1.67 (0.22)

1.44 (0.26)

 

1.69 (0.26)

1.49 (0.29)

 

6

1.74 (0.18)

1.80 (0.34)

0.678

2.00 (0.23)

1.54 (0.28)

0.400

1.97 (0.26)

1.50 (0.30)

0.367

Construction large (1–5) SDD 0.58 p -value

12

1.62 (0.18)

1.67 (0.32)

0.699

1.92 (0.22)

1.36 (0.26)

0.202

1.86 (0.26)

1.39 (0.29)

0.368

18

1.89 (0.18)

1.30 (0.34)

0.104

1.77 (0.23)

1.42 (0.27)

0.663

2.04 (0.26)

1.74 (0.29)

0.729

24

1.49 (0.18)

1.36 (0.34)

0.845

1.52 (0.23)

1.32 (0.27)

0.892

1.65 (0.26)

1.31 (0.29)

0.646

overall

  

0.260

  

0.603

  

0.874

  1. Estimated means (standard errors). Significant values are in italics and bold
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