Metabolic dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis: implications as to causation, early detection, and treatment, a case control study

Table 1 Relative changes in fatty acid classes at sn-2 position of phosphatidyl ethanolamines in Multiple Sclerosis

a. SPMS patients compared to healthy controls
Chain length→	18	20	22	24	26	28	30	32	34	36	38	40
No. of double bonds ↓
0			16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑		16/18↑		16↑	16/18↑	16/18↑
1	18↑		16/18↑		18↑			18↑	16↑	16↑	16/18↑	16/18↑
2			16↑				16↑		16↑	16↑	16↑
3	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16↑	16↑	16↑	16/18↑	16/18↑
4		16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	18↑	16↑	16↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑
5		16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16↑	16↑	16↑	16↑	18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑
6		16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑	18↑	16↑				18↑	16↑
b. RRMS patients with a disease duration <13 years compared to healthy controls
Chain length →	18	20	22	24	26	28	30	32	34	36	38	40
No. of double bonds ↓
0			18↑		16↑
1
2
3									16↑
4								18↑
5					16↑						16/18↑	16↑
6		18↑	16↑						16↑
c. RRMS patients with a disease duration > =13 years compared to healthy controls
Chain length →	18	20	22	24	26	28	30	32	34	36	38	40
No. of double bonds ↓
0			18↑		16↑	16↑					16↑
1						18↑				16↑
2			16↑				16/18↑	18↑		16↑	16↑
3		16↑	16↑				18↑		16↑	18↑	16↑
4
5					16↑						16↑
6		16/18↑	16/18↑	16↑	16↑				16↑
d. PPMS patients compared to healthy controls
Chain length →	18	20	22	24	26	28	30	32	34	36	38	40
No. of double bonds ↓
0			18↑	18↑	18↑	16/18↑				18↑	16/18↑
1			18↑						18↑
2								18↑				18↑
3					16↑		16↑		16↑
4		18↑			16↑	16↑	18↑
5
6		16/18↑	16/18↑	16/18↑			16↑				18↑

Fatty acids at sn-2 position in phosphatidyl ethanolamines are categorized according to their number of double bonds and chain length. Carbon chain length is given in columns and number of double bonds are given in rows. Fatty acid chain length at sn-1 position is given within the cells as 16 or 18, indicating 16:0 and 18:0 respectively. Up and down arrows indicate a significant increase or decrease in relative intensity (ratio to internal standard) respectively, compared to the control group at p < 0.05 (student’s t-test). a. SP-MS patients compared to healthy controls, b. RRMS patients with a disease duration <13 years compared to healthy controls, c. RRMS patients with a disease duration >=13 years compared to healthy controls, d. PPMS patients compared to healthy controls

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