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Table 1 Clinical findings of cases

From: Autobiographical age awareness disturbance syndrome in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: two case reports

Case

1

2

Age

42

55

Sex

Female

Female

Diagnosis

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Neuropsychological symptoms

 AAAD (wrong age estimation)

Yes (17)

Yes (27)

 Disorientation

Yes

Yes

 Retrograde and anterograde amnesia

Yes

Yes

Neuropsychological examination

  

 MMSEa

15/30

26/30

 WMS-Rb

  Verbal MQ

<50

94

  Visual MQ

111

97

  General MQ

71

94

  Attention/Concentration

97

79

  Delayed recognition

64

75

 WAIS-IIIb

  Verbal IQ

82

94

  Performance IQ

68

86

  Full scale IQ

72

89

Clinical examination

 CSF

20 cells/mm3 (lymphocytes predominant) with normal protein levels

Normal cells, protein levels

Elevated anti-NMDA receptor antibody titres

Elevated anti-NMDA receptor antibody titres

 Blood

Elevated anti-NMDA receptor antibody titres

Elevated anti-NMDA receptor antibody titres

 Brain MRI

High intensity bilateral medial temporal lobe lesion (assessed by FLAIR)

No specific findings

123I-IMP brain perfusion SPECT

Increase in bilateral medial temporal lobe blood flow; decrease in right orbitofrontal region blood flow

Bilateral increase in medial temporal lobe and orbitofrontal region blood flow

 EEG

Sporadic spike discharge and diffuse slow waves

No epileptic discharge

  1. aScore ≥ 28 points (out of 30) indicates normal cognition in their age [14]
  2. bThe index scores of the Wechsler memory scale-revised and Wechsler adult intelligence scale-III have a mean of 100, and standard deviation of 15