| Helium/oxygen | Argon/oxygen | Air/oxygen | Kruskall - Wallis | Non-ischemic sham | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)a [mmHg] | Baseline (Before) | 100 [86–114] | 99 [90–108] | 100 [82–118] | p = 1.00 | 90 [79–92] |
5 min | 125 [115–137] | 121 [109–138] | 123 [109–129] |  | 88 [78–102] | |
15 min | 76 [62–94] | 79 [77–92] | 85 [69–100] |  | 98 [87–105] | |
30 min | 85 [65–98] | 73 [68–86] | 85 [66–93] |  | NA | |
60 min | 95 [82–97] | 85 [67–101] | 99 [83–111] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | 0.004 a | Â | 0.964 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.621 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: −1.93 CI −11.49 to 7.63; Coef. argon: −4.71 CI −14.70 to 5.28) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p < 0.001 | ||||||
Heart ratea [1 min−1] | Baseline (Before) | 300 [268–345] | 340 [298–383] | 360 [325–395] | p = 0.10 | 300 [285–380] |
5 min | 300 [288–325] | 290 [270–330] | 320 [265–355] |  | 320 [320–380] | |
15 min | 300 [285–325] | 310 [290–340] | 290 [280–340] |  | 360 [340–380] | |
30 min | 360 [320–400] | 320 [308–410] | 395 [345–420] |  | NA | |
60 min | 340 [300–400] | 340 [323–435] | 420 [375–450] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | 0.058 | 0.005 a | <0.001 a | Â | 0.369 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.056 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: −30.3 CI −56.0 to −4.7; Coef. argon: −17.3 CI −50.1 to 15.5) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p < 0.001 | ||||||
Glucosea [mmol/l] | Baseline (Before) | 10.5 [8.9–11.6] | 9.9 [8.8–10.9] | 10.4 [8.4–11.1] | p = 0.87 | 9.8 [8.7–11.2] |
5 min | 13.7 [13.4–14.5] | 13.3 [11.1–16.0] | 13.5 [13.1–15.6] |  | 8.2 [7.5–10.2] | |
15 min | 12.5 [11.5–13.5] | 13.5 [11.2–14.3] | 13.7 [10.6–14.8] |  | 9.0 [7.0–10.6] | |
60 min | 5.7 [4.3–6.6] | 5.8 [5.1–6.4] | 5.7 [5.3–6.1] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | Â | 0.12 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 1.000 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: 0.06 CI −1.55 to 1.67; Coef. argon: 0.04 CI −1.63 to 1.70) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p < 0.001 | ||||||
Lactatea [mmol/l] | Baseline (Before) | 1.2 [0.9–1.3] | 1.2 [1.0–1.7] | 1.1 [1.0–1.5] | p = 0.72 | 1.0 [0.9–1.4] |
5 min | 7.0 [6.4–7.5] | 7.2 [6.1–8.2] | 6.8 [6.3–8.0] |  | 1.0 [0.6–1.2] | |
15 min | 3.5 [3.2–3.8] | 3.2 [3.0–3.9] | 3.6 [3.0–4.4] |  | 0.9 [0.6–1.8] | |
60 min | 0.8 [0.6–1.2] | 0.7 [0.6–0.8] | 0.7 [0.6–0.8] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | Â | 0.531 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.771 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: 0.38 CI −0.81 to 1.57; Coef. argon: −0.04 CI −0.56 to 0.48) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p < 0.001 | ||||||
pHa | Baseline (Before) | 7.50 [7.45–7.53] | 7.50 [7.45–7.54] | 7.42 [7.40–7.49] | p = 0.17 | 7.41 [7.37–7.51] |
5 min | 7.09 [7.01–7.15] | 7.02 [6.96–7.10] | 7.09 [6.98–7.16] |  | 7.44 [7.36–7.47] | |
15 min | 7.24 [7.16–7.28] | 7.16 [7.08–7.26] | 7.30 [7.10–7.31] |  | 7.45 [7.347–7.49] | |
60 min | 7.38 [7.32–7.44] | 7.35 [7.30–7.39] | 7.39 [7.33–7.41] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | Â | 0.967 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.631 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: 0.11 CI −0.37 to 0.15; Coef. argon: −0.02 CI −0.08 to 0.05) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p = 0.037 | ||||||
pO2 [mmHg] | Baseline (Before) | 114 [106–124] | 114 [101–132] | 106 [83–139] | p = 0.83 | 83 [74–97] |
5 min | 203 [146–246] | 155 [127–250] | 195 [265–355] |  | 332 [270–342] | |
15 min | 125 [101–159] | 109 [105–143] | 129 [118–165] |  | 240 [90–324] | |
60 min | 159 [136–185] | 140 [128–181] | 195 [182–212] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | 0.007 a | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | Â | 0.236 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.373 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: −45.5 CI −114.2 to 23.2; Coef. argon: −48.8 CI −118.9 to 21.3) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p = 0.670 | ||||||
pCO2 a [mmHg] | Baseline (Before) | 32 [29–37] | 31 [27–35] | 37 [27–39] | p = 0.69 | 34 [32–42] |
5 min | 46 [38–66] | 53 [40–66] | 46 [37–52] |  | 35 [32–43] | |
15 min | 39 [36–53] | 44 [35–62] | 36 [32–46] |  | 36 [30–43] | |
60 min | 39 [34–47] | 41 [35–49] | 35 [31–39] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | 0.002 a | 0.003 a | 0.013 a | Â | 0.335 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.741 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: 2.07 CI −6.03 to 10.17; Coef. argon: 3.40 CI −5.80 to 12.59) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p < 0.001 | ||||||
Temp. [°C] | Baseline (Before) | 36.0 [35.7–36.2] | 36.4 [36.1–36.5] | 36.0 [35.8–36.2] | p = 0.07 | 36.0 [35.8–37.1] |
5 min | 35.3 [35.0–35.4] | 35.0 [34.8–35.6] | 35.3 [34.7–35.6] |  | 36.5 [36.0–36.9] | |
15 min | 36.2 [36.0–36.3] | 36.2 [35.8–36.2] | 36.2 [36.0–36.6] |  | 36.4 [36.1–36.6] | |
60 min | 36.8 [36.3–37.4] | 36.6 [36.4–37.2] | 37.0 [36.7–37.3] |  | NA | |
Friedman-Test p | <0.001 a | <0.001 a | 0.002 a | Â | 0.967 | |
Linear regression with clustered robust SE p = 0.378 | ||||||
(Coef. helium: 0.42 CI −0.54 to 1.37; Coef. argon: −0.84 CI −2.46 to 0.77) | ||||||
Time effect: fractional polynomial regression p = 0.487 |