Table 1 Sample characteristics
Characteristics | No-mild VCI (n = 235) | Moderate-severe VCI (n = 56) | Univariate Analysis p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 57.46 | (10.20) | 68.43 | (11.23) | <0.01 |
Gender, female | 64 | (27 %) | 21 | (38 %) | 0.18 |
Education, y (mean, SD) | 8.33 | (4.15) | 5.52 | (4.02) | <0.01 |
Ethnicity (no., %) | 0.51 | ||||
Chinese | 171 | (73 %) | 36 | (64 %) | |
Malay | 43 | (18 %) | 14 | (25 %) | |
Indian | 19 | (8 %) | 6 | (11 %) | |
Others | 2 | (1 %) | 0 | (0 %) | |
Stroke classification (no., %) | 0.39 | ||||
SAO | 112 | (48 %) | 23 | (41 %) | |
LAA | 30 | (13 %) | 10 | (18 %) | |
CE | 33 | (14 %) | 11 | (20 %) | |
UND | 8 | (3 %) | 4 | (7 %) | |
OC | 1 | (0.43 %) | 0 | (0 %) | |
TIA | 51 | (22 %) | 8 | (14 %) | |
NIHSS (median) | 1.00 | 4.00 | <0.01 | ||
Baseline mRS (median) | 2.00 | 3.00 | <0.01 | ||
Mean interval (Days) between stroke/TIA and assessment (mean, SD) | 2.62 | (2.09) | 4.02 | (3.05) | <0.01 |
Cognitive screening test | |||||
Baseline MoCA (mean, SD) | 22.36 | (4.26) | 14.75 | (4.13) | <0.01 |
Baseline NINDS-CSN 5-minute protocol (mean, SD) | 9.29 | (2.25) | 6.41 | (2.46) | <0.01 |
Number of cardiovascular risk factors (median) | 3 | 3 | 0.14 | ||
Recurrent vascular events 3–6 months (no., %) | 10 | (4 %) | 2 | (4 %) | 1.00 |
Recurrent vascular events 1-year (no., %) | 4 | (2 %) | 2 | (4 %) | 0.54 |