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Table 5 Subgroup analysis for association of dexamethasone with discharge outcome in patients treated as bacterial meningitis at teaching hospitals in Ethiopia, 2011–2015

From: Adjunctive dexamethasone therapy in unconfirmed bacterial meningitis in resource limited settings: is it a risk worth taking?

Variables

Death

Low GOS

OR

95 % CI

P

OR

95 % CI

P

Age

  < 50 years

3.08

1.74–5.48

<0.001*

2.83

1.79–4.48

<0.001*

  > = 50 years

4.00

1.19–13.46

0.025*

2.68

1.0–7.21

0.051

Duration of illness

  < =2 days

4.02

1.37–11.77

0.011*

2.05

0.94–4.50

0.072

  > 2 days

2.93

1.62–5.30

<0.000*

2.91

1.79–4.72

<0.001*

Level of conscious

 14 and 15

2.21

0.94–5.21

0.070

1.82

0.996

0.051

  < 14

3.69

1.84–7.40

<0.001*

388

20.3–7.44

<0.001*

HIV status

 Positive

3.25

0.46–22.93

0.237

18.00

1.63–198.51

0.018*

 Negative

3.38

1.91–5.66

<0.001*

2.49

1.63–3.80

<0.001*

Prior antibiotics

 Yes

3.59

1.24–10.38

0.018*

5.97

2.47–14.44

<0.001*

 No

3.04

1.68–5.50

<0.001*

2.07

1.30–3.29

0.002*

Focal neurologic deficit

 Yes

3.20

0.67–15.38

0.146

0.80

0.16–3.99

0.789

 No

3.00

1.72–5.23

<0.001*

2.77

1.80–4.29

0.003*

CSF appearance

 Turbid

2.72

0.67–11.11

0.163

2.44

0.79–7.51

0.121

 Clear

6.26

1.95–20.12

0.002*

4.28

2.14–8.58

<0.001*

TB suspected

 Yes

3.90

0.45–34.02

0.218

3.46

0.83–14.36

0.087

 No

3.09

1.79–5.34

<0.001*

2.18

1.40–3.39

0.001*

Diagnosis of meningitis

 Confirmed

–

1

1

–

1

1

 Probable

2.31

0.68–7.86

0.180

3.22

1.24–8.36

0.016*

 Suspected

3.38

1.73–6.59

<0.001*

2.09

1.16–3.75

0.014*

 Non-cases

6.98

1.50–32.56

0.013*

3.17

1.41–7.15

0.005*

  1. *Statistically significant