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Table 5 Rehabilitation protocol

From: Assessment and rehabilitation of central sensory impairments for balance in mTBI using auditory biofeedback: a randomized clinical trial

Exercise

Vision

Surface

Time

Progression

ABF

Static Balance

Eyes open

Firm

30 s per condition

10 double stance conditions including tossing a ball, head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down, head rotations with smooth pursuit, with gaze stabilization, and with saccades

Pitch modulated feedback for AP sway, direction modulated for ML sway

 

Eyes closed

Firm

30 s per condition

3 double stance conditions including head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down

 

Eyes open

Foam

30 s per condition

4 double stance conditions including tossing a ball, head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down

 

Eyes closed

Foam

30 s per condition

3 double stance conditions including head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down

Dynamic Balance (Tandem Gait)

Eyes open

Firm

30 s per condition

4 tandem gait conditions including tossing a ball, head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down

Direction modulated for ML sway

 

Eyes closed

Firm

30 s per condition

1 tandem gait condition

 

Eyes open

Foam

30 s per condition

4 tandem gait conditions including tossing a ball, head rotations left-right, head rotations up-down

 

Eyes closed

Foam

30 s per condition

1 tandem gait condition

Dynamic Balance (Bending down)

Eyes open

Firm

30 s per condition

3 different heights

Direction modulated for ML sway

 

Eyes closed

Firm

30 s per condition

3 different heights

Dynamic Balance (Squatting)

Eyes open

Firm

30 s per condition

4 squats including sit-to-stand, lunge, lunge onto unstable surface, and lunge + twist

Direction modulated for ML sway

 

Eyes closed

Firm

30 s per condition

4 squats including sit-to-stand, lunge, lunge onto unstable surface, and lunge + twist

 

Eyes open

Foam

30 s per condition

4 squats including sit-to-stand, lunge, lunge onto unstable surface, and lunge + twist

 

Eyes closed

Foam

30 s per condition

4 squats including sit-to-stand, lunge, lunge onto unstable surface, and lunge + twist