Fig. 1

Neurocognitive test Z-scores according CrAg status. SDM – Symbol digit modalities. GPB, D – Grooved pegboard, dominant hand. GPB, ND – Grooved pegboard, non-dominant hand. DSF – Digit span forward. DSB – Digit span backward. AVL – Auditory visual learning. QNPZ-8 – Quantitative neurological performance Z-score on 8 modalities. Error bars indicate +/− one standard error. The number of imputed scores for each study ranged from 2 to 41 for CrAg + with meningitis, 1–34 for CrAg + asymptomatic, and 0–2 for HIV+ controls. Imputed scores for persons who started but could not complete a neurocognitive test were two standard deviations the group mean for the test. Numbers represent Z-scores referenced against age and education adjusted, HIV-negative Ugandan population norms. * < .05 ** < .0001