Table 1 Parameters used in the model^a

Onset-to-alarm

30

Zock et al. [14]

Alarm-to-scene

15

Federal Highway Research Institute Germany [15]

On-scene

30

Personal experience from the Berlin fire brigade [3]

Transfer (PSC-to-CSC)

15, 60, and 120

Door-to-needle

CSC: 30

PSC: 30

Door-out

30

Holodinsky et al., [16] Schlemm et al. [3]

Door-to-groin

Mothership approach: 90

Drip and ship approach: max(50, 90 – door-out – transfer)

Groin-to-reperfusion

30

Treatment time windows

Thrombolysis: 270; EVT (onset-to-groin): 360

American Heart Association [17, 18]