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Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Data of PD Patients in APF Group and NPF Group

From: Reduced gray matter volume and respiratory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: a voxel-based morphometry study

 

Patients with PD

 

Clinical demographics

APF group, n = 25

NPF group, n = 25

P-value

Age (years)

63 ± 11

62 ± 7

0.828

Sex (male/female)

13/12

14/11

0.777

GMV

546.0 ± 75.0

578.6 ± 57.8

0.098

WMV

432.1 ± 57.3

432.6 ± 45.4

0.871

TIV

1337.6 ± 134.4

1364.6 ± 133.7

0.441

Pulmonary function parameters

 FVC (% pred)

85.4 ± 20.4

99.8 ± 13.6

0.030*

 FEV1 (% pred)

84.1 ± 19.1

105.9 ± 14.0

< 0.001*

 FEV1/FVC

79.7 ± 9.0

86.7 ± 4.9

< 0.001*

 MEF 50 (%)

63.2 ± 22.9

98.7 ± 14.2

< 0.001*

 SpO2 (%)

94.5 ± 3.4

94.3 ± 2.7

0.756

Disease severity scale

 UPDRS I

4.1 ± 3.6

3.3 ± 2.5

0.435

 UPDRS II

12.5 ± 9.7

9.7 ± 5.6

0.311

 UPDRS III

28.8 ± 23.0

23.5 ± 11.8

0.396

 UPDRS total

45.4 ± 35.1

36.5 ± 18.8

0.357

 Modified H & Y

2.2 ± 1.3

1.8 ± 0.9

0.276

 S & E

78.3 ± 20.8

86.7 ± 11.1

0.128

Inflammatory markers

 TBARS (µM/L)

13.9 ± 5.1

13.1 ± 5.1

0.520

 Thiol (µM/L)

1.3 ± 0.5

1.5 ± 0.4

0.360

 ICAM-1

215.1 ± 65.6

195.3 ± 75.8

0.514

 P-selectin

100.5 ± 18.1

97.0 ± 13.0

0.314

 E-selectin

42.6 ± 18.3

34.0 ± 18.0

0.243

 CD133+CD34+ (%)

18.4 ± 16.1

27.7 ± 27.9

0.195

 KDR+CD34+ (%)

3.5 ± 4.5

3.2 ± 4.7

0.943

  1. APF abnormal pulmonary function, EPC epithelial progenitor cell, F female, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, GMV gray matter volume, ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1, KDR kinase insert domain-conjugating receptor, M male, MEF50 maximal expiratory flow after expiration of 50% of FVC, modified H & Y modified Hoehn and Yahr staging scale, NPF normal pulmonary function, PD Parkinson’s disease, SpO2 oxygen saturation, S & E Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale, TIV total intracranial volume, TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, UPDRS Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale, WMV white matter volume
  2. All data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05