Fig. 1
a PRISMA Diagram detailing each step of the systematic review, with number of studies highlighted as n = x. Reasons for exclusion given in boxes on the right. b Forest plot assessing the utility of CSF TDP-43 as a biomarker for FTD-ALS displaying standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random effects model. Study identifiers (author and year of publication) given on left. Heterogeneity calculated using Chi2 and I2 showing significant heterogeneity. Summary statistic (black diamond shows statistically significantly higher TDP-43 in the CSF of FTD-ALS patients compared to controls. c Forest plot assessing the utility of CSF TDP-43 as a biomarker for FTD displaying SMD and 95% CI using a random effects model. Study identifiers (author and year of publication) given on left. Heterogeneity calculated using Chi2 and I2 showing significant heterogeneity. Summary statistic (black diamond shows no statistically significant difference in TDP-43 in the CSF of FTD patients compared to controls. d Forest plot assessing the utility of CSF TDP-43 as a biomarker for FTD-ALS displaying SMD and 95% CI using a random effects model. Study identifiers (author and year of publication) given on left. Heterogeneity calculated using Chi2 and I2 showing significant heterogeneity. Summary statistic (black diamond shows statistically significantly higher TDP-43 in the CSF of ALS patients compared to controls