Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics between the non-WMH group and WMH group
From: Association of white matter hyperintensities with migraine features and prognosis
Non-WMH group (n = 45) | WMH group (n = 24) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year, mean ± SD) | 30.6 ± 10.4 | 39.0 ± 7.9 | < 0.001* |
Gender | 0.592 | ||
Female, n (%) | 33 (73.3%) | 19 (79.2%) | |
Male, n (%) | 12 (26.7%) | 5 (20.8%) | |
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 20.7 ± 2.9 | 21.8 ± 2.2 | 0.127 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 2 (4.4%) | 3 (12.5%) | 0.458 |
Smoking, n (%) | 5 (11.1%) | 3 (12.5%) | 1.000 |
Oral contraceptive use, n (%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (5.3%) | 1.000 |
Headache characteristics | |||
Aura, n (%) | 14 (31.1%) | 5 (20.8%) | 0.363 |
Disease duration (month, quartile) | 84.0 (42.0, 198.0) | 180.0 (75.0, 297.0) | 0.013* |
Attack frequency (day/month, quartile) | 3.0 (2.0, 7.0) | 4.0 (2.0, 10.0) | 0.465 |
Attack duration (hour, quartile) | 5.0 (3.0, 10.0) | 9.5 (4.0, 24.0) | 0.172 |
Visual analogue scale, mean ± SD | 7.0 ± 1.9 | 7.8 ± 1.5 | 0.080 |
Accompany symptoms | |||
Nausea, n (%) | 37 (84.1%) | 21 (87.5%) | 0.983 |
Vomiting, n (%) | 28 (63.6%) | 15 (62.5%) | 0.926 |
Photophobia, n (%) | 32 (72.7%) | 18 (75.0%) | 0.839 |
Phonophobia, n (%) | 33 (75.0%) | 18 (75.0%) | 1.000 |
Dizziness, n (%) | 21 (47.7%) | 13 (54.2%) | 0.612 |
Family history of migraine, n (%) | 26 (57.8%) | 11 (45.8%) | 0.343 |
SDS scores (quartile) | 42 (36, 56) | 44.5 (37.3, 56.8) | 0.653 |