Skip to main content

Table 2 Performances of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Healthy Control groups and intergroup effects’ sizes (Cohen’s d, Hedge’s G and Glass’ Δ for high variances values). Values are shown as mean and standard deviation. Effects’ sizes with significant T Student’s Test or Mann-Whitney Test (p < 0.05) are identified with *

From: The subtleties of cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory study using hierarchichal cluster analysis of CANTAB results

 

Multiple Sclerosis

Healthy Control

Cohen's D

Hedge's G

Glass' Δ

Spatial Working Memory (SWM)

 Strategy (STG)

38.28 ± 3.63

35.71 ± 6.95

0.487*

0.494*

0.388*

 Total Errors (TE)

49.11 ± 20.22

41.56 ± 23.55

0.325

0.327

0.296

Rapid Visual Processing (RVP)

 A’

0.84 ± 0.06

0.88 ± 0.04

0.766*

0.759*

1.012*

 Probability of Hit (PH)

0.49 ± 0.16

0.57 ± 0.16

0.401

0.409

0.433

 Mean Latency (ML)

567.67 ± 167.17

446.19 ± 72.97

1.115*

1.099*

1.790*

Paired Associate Learning (PAL)

 First Trial Memory Score (FTMS)

11.8 ± 4.43

13.18 ± 3.02

4.623

0.396

0.517

 Mean Trials to Success (MTS)

3.17 ± 1.68

2.07 ± 0.76

0.870*

0.857*

1.486*

 Total Errors Adjusted (TEA)

37.71 ± 35.62

17.84 ± 14.28

0.776*

0.763*

1.597*

Reaction Time (RTI)

 5-Choice Accuracy Score (5CAS)

14.71 ± 0.62

14.93 ± 0.24

0.483

0.475

0.932

 5-Choice Movement Time (5CMT)

675.92 ± 182.6 ms

598.55 ± 131.31 ms

0.655

0.649

0.862

 5-Choice Reaction Time (5CRT)

446.31 ± 94.19 ms

403.93 ± 76.61 ms

0.424

0.422

0.474

 Simple Accuracy Score (SAS)

14.54 ± 0.95

14.81 ± 0.47

0.223*

0.223*

0.221*

 Simple Movement Time (SMT)

688.01 ± 198.74 ms

663.33 ± 220.78 ms

0.267

0.267

0.258

 Simple Reaction Time (SRT)

425.19 ± 87.09 ms

377.23 ± 76.04 ms

0.657*

0.654*

0.699*

Delayed Matched to Sample (DMS)

 Total Correct (TC)

16.31 ± 2.98

17.96 ± 1.46

0.660*

0.650*

1.141*

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

28.17 ± 2.35

29.25 ± 0.85

0.611

0.600

1.270

Verbal fluency 1 (ANIMALS)

15.65 ± 5.72

18.61 ± 3.68

0.615*

0.610*

0.804*

Verbal fluency 2 (FRUITS)

14.54 ± 4.06

16.74 ± 3.24

0.599*

0.596*

0.679*

Verbal fluency 3 (A)

10.94 ± 4.89

12.96 ± 4.33

0.437*

0.436*

0.466*

Verbal fluency 4 (F)

12.37 ± 4.9

16.09 ± 3.76

0.852*

0.847*

0.989*

Word list Memory task

20.2 ± 3.27

20.51 ± 3.43

0.092

0.093

0.090

Word list recall

6.85 ± 1.73

7.16 ± 1.63

0.184

0.184

0.190

Word list recognition

9.12 ± 1.07

9.51 ± 0.99

0.378

0.378

0.394

Back to article page

BMC Neurology

ISSN: 1471-2377

Contact us