Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study cohort with or without episodes of Incident Parkinson’s Disease
From: Gout and the risk of Parkinson’s disease in older adults: a study of U.S. Medicare data
Entire cohort | Parkinson’s Disease during the follow-up | ||
|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||
Total people, N | 1,725,833a | 1,703,197 | 22,636 |
Age, mean (SD) | 75.3 (7.6) | 75.3 (7.6) | 76.5 (6.7) |
Gender, N (%) | |||
Male | 730,850 (42.3%) | 719,315 (42.2%) | 11,535 (51.0%) |
Female | 994,983 (57.7%) | 983,882 (57.8%) | 11,101 (49.0%) |
Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | |||
White | 1,486,250 (86.1%) | 1,466,103 (86.1%) | 20,147 (89.0%) |
Black | 142,086 (8.2%) | 140,801 (8.3%) | 1285 (5.7%) |
Other/unknown | 97,497 (5.6%) | 96,293 (5.7%) | 1204 (5.3%) |
Charlson | |||
0 | 909,974 (52.7%) | 901,096 (52.9%) | 8878 (39.2%) |
1 | 173,518 (10.1%) | 170,653 (10.0%) | 2865 (12.7%) |
≥ 2 | 642,341 (37.2%) | 631,448 (37.1%) | 10,893 (48.1%) |
Charlson-Romano comorbidity score, mean (SD) | 1.60 (2.39) | 1.59 (2.39) | 2.10 (2.51) |
Charlson-Romano comorbidities | |||
Myocardial Infarction | 68,537 (4.0%) | 67,469 (4.0%) | 1068 (4.7%) |
Heart Failure | 202,196 (11.7%) | 198,932 (11.7%) | 3264 (14.4%) |
Peripheral vascular disease | 167,945 (9.7%) | 164,946 (9.7%) | 2999 (13.2%) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 167,247 (9.7%) | 163,696 (9.6%) | 3551 (15.7%) |
Dementia | 75,936 (4.4%) | 73,689 (4.3%) | 2247 (9.9%) |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 269,751 (15.6%) | 265,719 (15.6%) | 4032 (17.8%) |
Connective tissue disease | 47,999 (2.8%) | 47,267 (2.8%) | 732 (3.2%) |
Peptic ulcer disease | 32,624 (1.9%) | 32,018 (1.9%) | 606 (2.7%) |
Mild liver disease | 8506 (0.49%) | 8403 (0.49%) | 103 (0.46%) |
Diabetes | 319,089 (18.5%) | 313,715 (18.4%) | 5374 (23.7%) |
Diabetes with end organ damage | 94,120 (5.5%) | 92,363 (5.4%) | 1757 (7.8%) |
Hemiplegia | 14,118 (0.82%) | 13,833 (0.81%) | 285 (1.3%) |
Renal failure/disease | 59,340 (3.4%) | 58,427 (3.4%) | 913 (4.0%) |
Any tumor, leukemia or lymphoma | 173,685 (10.1%) | 170,940 (10.0%) | 2745 (12.1%) |
Moderate/severe liver disease | 1992 (0.12%) | 1959 (0.12%) | 33 (0.15%) |
Metastatic cancer | 17,950 (1.0%) | 17,796 (1.0%) | 154 (0.68%) |
AIDS | 547 (0.03%) | 541 (0.03%) | 6 (0.03%) |
Hypertension | 833,128 (48.3%) | 819,889 (48.1%) | 13,239 (58.5%) |
Hyperlipidemia | 601,188 (34.8%) | 591,507 (34.7%) | 9681 (42.8%) |
Coronary artery disease | 302,982 (17.6%) | 297,391 (17.5%) | 5591 (24.7%) |