Table 2 Distribution of baseline characteristics between patients readmitted within 1 year and patients with the first readmission between year 2–5
From: One-year versus five-year hospital readmission after ischemic stroke and TIA
≤1 year N = 568 | Year 2–5 N = 439 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean ± SD | 76.2 ± 12.5 | 73.3 ± 13.1 | < 0.001 |
Male sex, N (%) | 298 (52.5) | 242 (55.1) | 0.401 |
NIHSS score at discharge, median (IQR) | 2 (0, 5) | 1 (0, 3) | < 0.001 |
mRS score at discharge, N (%) | < 0.001 | ||
0–2 | 323 (56.9) | 304 (69.3) | |
3–5 | 245 (43.1) | 135 (30.8) | |
Barthel Index at discharge, median (IQR) | 100 (60, 100) | 100 (85, 100) | < 0.001 |
Stroke diagnosis, N (%) | 0.992 | ||
Ischemic stroke | 510 (89.8) | 395 (90.0) | |
TIA | 58 (10.2) | 44 (10.0) | |
Stroke subtype, N (%) | 0.070 | ||
Large-artery atherosclerosis | 85 (15.0) | 53 (12.1) | |
Cardioembolism | 206 (36.3) | 152 (34.6) | |
Small vessel occlusion | 44 (7.8) | 55 (12.5) | |
Other determined etiology | 8 (1.4) | 3 (0.7) | |
Undetermined etiology | 225 (39.6) | 176 (40.1) | |
Comorbidity, N (%) | |||
Prior stroke | 137 (24.1) | 96 (21.9) | 0.401 |
Peripheral artery disease | 54 (9.5) | 29 (6.6) | 0.097 |
Coronary artery disease | 162 (28.5) | 103 (23.5) | 0.071 |
Diabetes mellitus | 97 (17.1) | 64 (14.6) | 0.283 |
Atrial fibrillation | 197 (34.7) | 135 (30.8) | 0.188 |
Hypertension | 358 (63.0) | 256 (58.3) | 0.128 |
Ever-smoker | 384 (67.6) | 285 (64.9) | 0.371 |
Complications during index admission, N (%) | |||
Pneumonia | 54 (9.5) | 22 (5.0) | 0.007 |
Enteral feeding | 59 (10.4) | 24 (5.5) | 0.005 |
Urinary tract infection | 86 (15.1) | 49 (11.2) | 0.066 |
Urinary retention | 154 (27.1) | 76 (17.3) | < 0.001 |
Urinary incontinence | 107 (18.8) | 47 (10.7) | < 0.001 |
Seizures | 17 (3.0) | 9 (2.1) | 0.350 |
Stroke in progression | 59 (10.4) | 25 (5.7) | 0.008 |
Any complication | 281 (49.5) | 157 (35.8) | < 0.001 |
Length of stay, median (IQR) | 6 (3, 11) | 6 (3, 10) | 0.190 |
Discharge status, N (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Home without care | 257 (45.4) | 255 (58.1) | |
Home with care | 84 (14.8) | 57 (13.0) | |
Rehabilitation department | 37 (6.5) | 35 (8.0) | |
Nursing home | 162 (28.6) | 83 (18.9) | |
Other department | 26 (4.6) | 9 (2.1) | |
Treatment at discharge, N (%) | |||
Platelet inhibitor | 379 (66.7) | 302 (68.8) | 0.487 |
Anticoagulation | 203 (35.7) | 148 (33.7) | 0.805 |
Antihypertensive drug | 363 (63.9) | 285 (64.9) | 0.740 |
Statins | 390 (68.7) | 322 (73.4) | 0.105 |
Treatment at readmission, N (%) | |||
Platelet inhibitor | 368 (64.8) | 281 (64.0) | 0.798 |
Anticoagulation | 211 (37.2) | 151 (34.4) | 0.367 |
Antihypertensive drug | 371 (65.3) | 286 (65.2) | 0.956 |
Statins | 365 (64.3) | 267 (60.8) | 0.263 |
Smoking status at readmission, N (%) | 0.036 | ||
Stopped smoking before index stroke | 242 (66.1) | 160 (58.0) | |
Stopped smoking after index stroke | 35 (9.6) | 43 (15.6) | |
Still smoking at readmission | 89 (24.3) | 73 (26.5) | |