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Table 1 Demographic and clinical information of FLE patients

From: Altered structural and causal connectivity in frontal lobe epilepsy

No.

Age of onset

Duration of epilepsy

Interictal EEG

Seizure type

Medication

Family history of epilepsy

1.

16

8

Right; Burst of theta sharp waves; FP2, F4, F8

SGTCS

CBZ/PIR

Brother

2.

12

10

Bilateral; Sparse sharp-slow waves; FP1, FP2, F3, F4, F8

SPS

TPM

Sister

3.

38

3

Left; Sparse sharp waves; F7, T3

SPS

TPM/OXC/TCM

–

4.

16

7

Bilateral; Burst of sharp-slow waves; FP2, C3, F3, F4, F8,

CPS

LTG

–

5.

11

4

Bilateral; Burst of sharp waves; C3, F7, F4, F8

SPS

*

Brother

6.

10

16

Right; Sparse sharp waves; F4, F8

CPS

VPM/PIR

–

7.

3

11

Bilateral; Sparse sharp waves; FP2, F7, T3

CPS

CBZ/GAS

Sister

8.

7

11

Bilateral; Sparse sharp waves; FP2, F7, F8, T3

SPS

TPM/OXC

–

9.

18

14

Bilateral; Sparse sharp waves; FP1, F7, T3, F8

CPS

VPA

–

10.

10

4

Right; Sparse sharp and sharp-slow waves; FP2, F4, C4

SPS

OXC/PIR

Brother

11.

13

10

Bilateral; Sparse sharp waves; FP2, F4, F7, F3

SGTCS

VPM/PIR

–

12.

7

11

Right; Sparse sharp waves; F4, F8

CPS

LEV

–

13.

8

17

Right; Burst of sharp waves; F4, F8, T4

SPS

CBZ

–

14.

12

9

Left; Sparse sharp-slow waves; FP1, F3

SPS

CBZ/TCM

–

15.

18

10

Bilateral; Burst of sharp-slow waves; FP1, FP2, F3, F4, F8

SGTCS

VPM/OXC

–

16.

11

3

Left; Sparse sharp-slow waves; FP1, F3

CPS

OXC/TCM

–

17.

3

28

Right; Sparse sharp waves; FP2, F4

CPS

VPA/TPM

Sister

18.

51

0.5

Left; Sparse sharp waves; F3, F7, T3

SGTCS

**

–

19.

10

9

Bilateral; Sparse sharp waves; FP1, FP2, F4, F7

CPS

VPA

Sister

  1. VPA: valproic acid; VPM: valpromide; LTG: lamotrigine; CBZ: carbamazepine; TPM: topiramate; PIR: piracetam; OXC: oxcarbazepine; LEV: levetiracetam; GAS: gastrodin; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; CPS: complex partial seizure; SPS: simple partial seizure; SGTCS: secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizure; *: has no medication for about 2 months; **: drug-naive; M: male; F: female