Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Race | Number of surgery patients | Age (mean ± sd., or range) | Type of study | Onset symptoms | Adverse postoperative events (number) | Preoperative possible risk factors | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Meng 2018 [5] | Asian | 500 | 37.5 ± 9.4 | Retrospective | IS; HS; NS | IS (62) | age, male sex, ischemic presentation, hypertension, diabetes, Suzuki stage, PCA involvement, surgery type | High |
Peicong 2017 [7] | Asian | 87 | 54.0 ± 3.7 | Retrospective | IS; HS | IS (5) + HS (1) | diabetes, PCA involvement | High |
Meng 2017 [6] | Asian | 121 | 35.4 ± 7.5 | Prospective | IS; NS | IS (7) + HS (2) | age, male sex, diabetes, hypertension, PCA involvement, Suzuki stage, surgery type | High |
Wonhyoung 2016 [8] | Asian | 194 | 37.2 ± 11.4 | Retrospective | IS; HS; NS | IS (43) | Infarction, TIA, PCA involvement, surgery type | High |
Antonucci 2015 [9] | Caucasian | 31 | 18–67 | Retrospective | IS; NS | IS (8) | Infarction | High |
Tackeun 2015 [10] | Asian | 201 | 38.3 ± 11.6 | Retrospective | IS; NS | IS (4) + HS (1) | age, male sex, Suzuki stage | Fair |
Gross 2013 [11] | Caucasian | 45 | 39.2 ± 12.2 | Prospective | IS; HS; NS | IS (5) + HS (1) | age, Infarction, surgery type | High |
Xiangyang 2012 [12] | Asian | 470 | 36.8 (18–59) | Prospective | IS; HS; NS | IS (43) + HS (17) | age TIA, PCA involvement, male sex, infarction, Suzuki stage | High |