From: Small obliquely oriented cortical cerebellar infarctions are associated with cardioembolic stroke
General characteristics | |
Median age | 72 (IQR 61–81) |
Sex | 61% men (n = 276) |
Arterial hypertension | 55% (n = 249) |
Smoking | 36% (n = 163) |
Diabetes | 23% (n = 104) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 38% (n = 172) |
Brain infarction history | 18% (n = 81) |
AF history | 12% (n = 54) |
Diagnostic work-up | |
Cardiac | |
Standard ECG | 100% (n = 452) |
Prolonged (≥24 h) ECG | 91% (n = 411) |
-In hospital monitoring only | 20% (n = 90) |
-Holter monitoring only | 16% (n = 72) |
-Both in-hospital and Holter monitoring | 55% (n = 249) |
Echocardiography | 71% (n = 321) |
Vessel imaging | |
-Duplex or CTA or gadolinium-enhanced MRA | 100% (n = 452) |
-Duplex only | 8% (n = 36) |
-CTA only | 10% (n = 45) |
-Gadolinium-enhanced MRA only | 26% (n = 118) |
Two vessel imaging modalities | 42% (n = 190) |
Three vessel imaging modalities | 14% (n = 63) |
Location acute symptomatic infarction | |
-anterior circulation | 66% (n = 298) |
-posterior circulation | 22% (n = 99) |
-mixed anterior-posterior circulation | 12% (n = 54) |
-multiterritorial | 15% (n = 68) |
TOAST classification | |
Cardioembolism | 26% (n = 119) |
-AF | 83% (n = 98) |
-known AF | 45% (n = 53) |
-newly discovered | 38% (n = 45) |
-other than AF cardioembolic cause | 17% (n = 20) |
Large-artery atherosclerosis | 17% (n = 76) |
Small vessel disease | 10% (n = 46) |
Stroke of undetermined etiology | 41% (n = 187) |
Stroke of other determined etiology | 5% (n = 24) |