Table 1 The clinical characteristics of DBS patients
From: Deep brain stimulation for dystonia in Finland during 2007–2016
Focal | Generalized | Segmental | Hemidystonia | All | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 21) | (n = 10) | (n = 5) | (n = 1) | (n = 37) | |
Female | 13 (62%) | 6 (60%) | 3 (60%) | 1 (100%) | 23 (62%) |
Male | 8 (38%) | 4 (40%) | 2 (40%) | 14 (38%) | |
Mean age at operation ± SD, years | 51,9 ± 6,6 | 45,7 ± 19,3 | 58,9 ± 8,5 | 25,7 | 50,3 ± 12,9 |
Mean follow-up time ± SD, months | 19 ± 13 | 19 ± 16 | 25 ± 18 | 96 | 22 ± 19 |
Etiology | |||||
Idiopathic | 21 (100%) | 8 (80%) | 5 (100%) | 34 (92%) | |
Inherited | 1 (10%) | 1 (3%) | |||
Acquired | 1 (10%) | 1 (100%) | 2 (5%) | ||
Nervous system pathology | |||||
No evidence | 21 (100%) | 5 (50%) | 4 (80%) | 30 (81%) | |
Structural lesion | 3 (27%) | 1 (100%) | 4 (11%) | ||
Degeneration | 2 (18%) | 1 (20%) | 3 (8%) | ||
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Associated features | |||||
Isolated dystonia | 21 (100%) | 5 (50%) | 4 (80%) | 30 (81%) | |
combined dystonia | 1 (100%) | 1 (3%) | |||
Other neurological manifestation | 5 (50%) | 1 (20%) | 6 (16%) | ||
Disease course | |||||
Stabile | 20 (95%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (40%) | 1 (100%) | 26 (70%) |
Progressive | 1 (5%) | 7 (70%) | 3 (60%) | 11 (30%) | |
Age at onset | |||||
3–12 years | 5 (50%) | 5 (14%) | |||
13–20 years | 2 (9%) | 1 (10%) | 3 (8%) | ||
21–40 years | 10 (48%) | 1 (10%) | 1 (100%) | 12 (32%) | |
over 40 years | 9 (43%) | 3 (30%) | 5 (100%) | 17 (46%) | |
Symptoms before DBS | |||||
under 10 years | 9 (43%) | 5 (50%) | 4 (80%) | 1 (100%) | 19 (51%) |
over 10 years | 12 (57%) | 5 (50%) | 1 (20%) | 18 (49%) | |
Working ability before DBS | |||||
Fit to work, full-time | 7 (33%) | 3 (30%) | 1 (20%) | 11 (30%) | |
Unable to work | 11 (52%) | 4 (40%) | 2 (40%) | 1 (100%) | 19 (51%) |
Retired because of age | 3 (14%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (40%) | 8 (19%) | |