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Table 1 Synopsis of the most recent cases of sudden deterioration

From: Acute presentations of intradural lipomas: case reports and a review of the literature

Author, year

No. cases

Age

Type of lesion

Deterioration

Treatment

Late outcome

Vadivelu et al., 2014 [12]

2

17 mts, 26 mts

Undiagnosed dermal sinus + dermoid cyst + syrinx

Undiagnosed dermal sinus + dermoid cyst

Intramedullary abscess with motor/sphincter deficit

Intramedullary abscess with recurrent meningitis and hydrocephalus

Surgery + antibiotic therapy

Assistive device for walking

Developmental delay + VP shunt

Bhanage et al., 2015 [8]

1

4 mts

Dermal sinus and tethered filum terminale

Leg weakness and infection (dorsal and lumbosacral intramedullary abscess (D11-S3)

Surgery + antibiotic therapy (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)

Left foot deformity with limping gait and a neurogenic bladder

Singh et al., 2015 [11]

3 (14.2%) out of a series of 21 cases

9 mts to 15 yrs. (mean: 8.2 yrs)

Dermal sinus

Meningitis, intraspinal abscess and acute paraplegia

Surgery + antibiotic therapy

Persistent neurological deficit in one case, persistent sphincter deficit in all 3 cases

Girishan et al., 2016 [9]

10

8 to 24 mts (one case: 25 yrs)

Dermal sinus + intramedullary dermoid cyst

Rapid onset paraparesis secondary to infection (9 cases) or rupture of dermoid cyst in one case (quadriparesis)

Surgery + medical treatment (9 cases), only medical treatment (1 case)

Significant neurological improvement (8 cases), stable deficits (1 case), death (1 case, no surgery)

Rashid et al., 2016 [10]

1

2 yrs.

Dermal sinus

Infection (myelitis/polyradiculitis) with full motor/sensitive/sphincter deficit

Surgery + antibiotic therapy

Permanent neurological deficits