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Table 1 Studies characteristics regarding the sample and self-rated health (n = 51)

From: Self-rated health after stroke: a systematic review of the literature

Study/ Country

Stroke sample characteristics

SRH measure

SRH operationalization

Ho, 2018 [72] / Taiwan

n = 98

Excellent, Good, Average, Not so good, Poor

Done

Jönsson et al., 2018 [41] / Sweden

n = 145 (W = 41%, M = 59%)

Mean age (years) = 66.2, range = 17.5–87.1

Cerebral infarction = 87%, Intracerebral hemorrhage = 7%, Subarachnoid hemorrhage = 5.5%, Undefined = 0.5%

Acute and chronic stroke (16 months and 10 years)

SF-36 (first question)

Not done

Kim, Lee, 2018 [71] / Korea

n = 4322 (W = 49%, M = 51%)

Women’s age (years): 19–49 = 2.4%, 50–64 = 19.1%, 65–79 = 61.9%, ≥80 = 16.6%

Men’s age (years): 19–49 = 4.5%, 50–64 = 24.5%, 65–79 = 57.7%, ≥80 = 13.3%

Good, Fair, Poor

Not done

Song et al., 2018 [73] / China

n = 8884

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Better, About the same, Worse, Don’t know

Done

Dong et al., 2018 [69] / China

n = 7572

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Better, About the same, Worse, Don’t know

Not done

Mavaddat et al., 2018 [42] / United Kingdom

n = 28 (W = 32%, M = 68%)

Age range (years) = 47–86

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Very poor

Not done

Vogelsang, 2017 [55] / United States of America

n = 948

Better, Same, Worse

Not done

Guerard et al., 2016 [54] / United States of America

Chronic stroke

Much worse, Slightly worse, About the same, Slightly better, Much better

Done

Larsen et al., 2016 [44] / Denmark

n = 590 (W = 36%, M = 64%)

Age (years): ≤49 = 38%, 50–60 = 62%

Ischemic = 86%, Intracerebral hemorrhage = 11%, Unspecified = 3%

SF-12

Not done

Larsen et al., 2016 [40] / Denmark

n = 2414 (W = 39.2%, M = 60.8%)

Age (years): ≤59 = 27%, 60–69 = 35%, ≥70 = 38%

Ischemic = 87%, Iintracerebral hemorrhage = 9%, Unspecified = 4%

Subacute to chronic stroke (3–6 months)

SF-12

Not done

Mavaddat et al., 2016 [22] / United Kingdom

n = 776 (W = 51.5%, M = 48.5%)

Mean age (years) = 76.2

Chronic stroke

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Patterson, Sibley, 2016 [57] / Canada

n = 1892 (W = 52%, M = 48%)

With arthritis = 53.4%, Without arthritis = 46.6%

Age (years): 50–54 = 4.4%, 55–59 = 8.1%, 60–64 = 13.1%, 65–69 = 14.1%, 70–74 = 15.2%, 75–79 = 16.2%, ≥80 = 28.9%

Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Arokiasamy et al., 2015 [74] / China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa

Chronic stroke

Very good, Good, Moderate, Bad, Very bad

Done

Egan et al., 2015 [52]/ Canada

n = 67 (W = 41.8%, M = 58.2%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 64.8 ± 13.3, range = 33–88

Chronic stroke

Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair, Poor

Not done

Sand et al., 2015 [39]/ Norway

n = 327 (W = 37.3%, M = 62.7%)

Vision problem = 25.4%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 71.8 ± 14.3

Normal vision = 74.6%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 66.5 ± 12.4

Chronic stroke (6 months)

Very good, Good, Neither good nor bad, Bad, Very bad

Not done

Theme Filha et al., 2015 [77]/ Brazil

n = 918

Chronic stroke

Very good, Good, Moderate, Bad, Very Bad

Done

Waller et al., 2015 [38] / Sweden

n = 115

Better, Worse, Similar

Not done

Arruda et al., 2015 [75] / Brazil

n = 38

Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair, Poor

Not done

Mavaddat et al., 2014 [70] / United Kingdom

n = 342 (W = 40.9%, M = 59.1%)

Chronic stroke

Excellent, Good, Moderate, Poor

Done

Ostwald et al., 2014 [62] / United States of America

n = 159 (W = 25.2%, M = 74.8%)

Control group = 50.3%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 65.75 ± 9.26

Experimental group = 49.7%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 66.98 ± 9.04

Chronic stroke (1 year)

SF-36 (first question)

Not done

Shen et al., 2014 [66] / China

Not reported

Better, Normal, Worse

Not done

Chang et al., 2013 [67] / South Korea

n = 19 (W = 47.4%, M = 52.6%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 74.47 ± 4.64, range = 67–82

Ischemic = 68.4%, Hemorrhagic = 21.1%, Combined = 10.5%

Chronic stroke (1 year)

Visual analog scale

1 (not healthy at all) to 10 (very healthy)

Not done

Fernández-Ruiz et al., 2013 [43]/ Spain

n = 203

1 (Very good, Good, Fair, Poor, Very poor)

2 (Much better, Better, Similar, Worse, Much worse)

Done

Varela et al., 2013 [76] / Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Chile and Venezuela

n = 120

With COPD = 20%, Without COPD = 80%

Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair, Poor

Not done

Latham, Peek, 2013 [53] / United States of America

n = 209

Chronic stroke

5 = Excellent, 4 = Very good, 3 = Good, 2 = Fair, 1 = Poor

Not done

Mavaddat et al., 2013 [21] / United Kingdom

n = 776 (W = 51.5%, M = 48.5%)

Mean age (years) = 76.2, 64–74 = 40.2%, 75–84 = 48.3%, ≥85 = 11.5%

Chronic stroke (5 years)

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Cerniauskaite et al., 2012 [37] / Italy

n = 111 (W = 46%, M = 54%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 57.8 ± 14.4, range = 22–86

Chronic stroke (mean 5.4 years)

Better Health, Unchanged Health, Worse Health

Not done

Prlić et al., 2012 [35]/ Croatia

n = 161 (W = 49%, M = 51%)

Mean age (years) = 69.89, range = 35–98

Ischemic = 90%, Hemorrhagic = 10%

Acute stroke

SF-36

Not done

Foraker et al., 2011 [56] / United States of America

n = 809 (W = 55.3%, M = 44.7%)

Mean age (years) = 54.7

Acute stroke

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Death

Not done

Welin et al., 2010 [34] / Sweden

n = 163 (W = 38.7%, M = 61.3%)

Control group = 50.3%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 69.6 ± 11.7

Experimental group = 49.7%, Mean age ± SD (years) = 71.2 ± 9.9

Hemorrhagic = 12.3%

Scale 1 (Excellent) to 5 (Poor)

Done

Asplund et al., 2009 [68] / Sweden

n = 104,876 (W = 47.5%, M = 52.5%)

Mean age (years) = 74.4

Ischemic = 86.3%, Hemorrhagic = 9.5%, Unspecified = 4.2%

Subacute Stroke (3 months)

Very good health, Fairly good health, Fairly poor health, Very poor health

Done

Boyington et al., 2008 [63] / United States of America

n = 580 (W = 61.4%, M = 38.6%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 76.61 ± 7.35 years, ≥75 = 58.3%, < 75 = 41.7%

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Goebeler et al., 2007 [36]/ Finland

n = 41

Stroke diagnosis in medical records = 70.7%, Self-reported stroke = 29.3%

Chronic Stroke

Very good, Fairly good, Fairly poor, Very poor

Not done

Olsson, Sunnerhagen, 2007 [33] / Sweden

n = 50 (W = 48%, M = 52%)

Ischemic = 70%, Hemorrhagic = 30%

EQtherm

Not done

Skånér et al., 2007 [32] / Sweden

n = 145 (W = 52.4%, M = 47.6%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 73.3 ± 11.8

Ischemic = 77.9%, Hemorrhagic = 6.2%, Unspecified = 15.9%

Chronic stroke (1 year)

Very good, Rather good, Neither good nor poor, Rather poor, Poor

Not done

Martins et al., 2006 [46] / Portugal

n = 273 (W = 45.4%, M = 54.6%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 69.2 ± 11.8, range = 40–100

Ischemic = 83%, Hemorrhagic = 11%, Unspecified = 6%

COOP/WONCA

Not done

Olsson, Sunnerhagen, 2006 [45]/ Sweden

n = 52 (W = 46.2%, M = 53.8%)

Mean age ± SD (years) Ischemic = 52 ± 7.4, Cerebral infarction = 44.4 ± 17.8, Subarachnoidal bleeding =43.3 ± 13.8

Ischemic = 71.2%, Hemorrhagic = 28.8%

Chronic stroke (mean 6 months, range = 22 days-15 months)

EQtherm

Not done

Salbach et al., 2006 [59]/ Canada

n = 86 (W = 35%, M = 65%)

Mean age (years) = 71.5, range = 38–91

Ischemic = 86%, Hemorrhagic = 14%

Chronic stroke (1 year)

EQVAS

Not done

Salbach et al., 2006 [61] / Canada

n = 89 (W = 37%, M = 63%)

mean age ± SD (years) = 72 ± 11, range = 38–91

Ischemic = 84.3%, Hemorrhagic = 15.7%

Subacute stroke (2 months)

EQVAS

Not done

Emmelin et al., 2003 [31] / Sweden

n = 473 (W = 41.6%, M = 58.4%)

Mean age (years) = 54.9

Acute stroke

Very good rather good, Neither good nor bad, Rather bad, Bad

Done

Hillen et al., 2003 [5]/ United Kingdom

n = 561 (W = 47%, M = 53%)

Mean age ± SD (years) = 69.4 ± 13.7

Hemorrhagic = 15.7%

Subacute stroke (3 months)

1 (Excellent, Very good, Good, Fair, Poor)

2 (Much better, Somewhat better, About the same, Somewhat worse, Much worse)

Not done

Otiniano et al., 2003 [58] / Mexico

n = 190 (W = 52.6%, M = 47.4%)

Diabetes + Stroke = 40%, No diabetes + Stroke = 60%

Age (years): 65–74 = 48%, ≥75 = 52%

Chronic stroke

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Muntner et al., 2002 [60] / United States of America

n = 1003

1 = Excellent, 2 = Very good, 3 = Good, 4 = Fair, 5 = Poor

Not done

Han et al., 2001 [51] / United States of America

n = 591

Chronic stroke

1 (1 = Excellent, 2 = Very good, 3 = Good, 4 = Fair, 5 = Poor)

2 (1 = Better, 3 = Same, 5 = Worse)

Not done

Bugge et al., 2001 [47] / United Kingdom

n = 153 (W = 51%, M = 49%)

Mean age (years) = 70.6, range = 35–93

Acute stroke

SF-36

Not done

Anderson et al., 2000 [65] / Australia

n = 86 (W = 44.2%, M = 55.8%)

Control group = 51.2%, Experimental group = 48.8%

Mean age (years) = 71.5

Acute stroke

SF-36

Not done

Hoeymans et al., 1999 [30] / Netherlands

n = 66

Chronic stroke

Healthy, Rather healthy, Moderately healthy, Not healthy

Done

Deane et al., 1996 [49] / United Kingdom

n = 27 (W = 70.4%, M = 29.6%)

Mean age (years) = 51, < 65 = 85.2%, ≥65 = 14.8%, range = 33–72

Chronic stroke (6 months)

SF-36

Not done

Tuomilehto et al., 1995 [48] / Finland

n = 201 (W = 49.8%, M = 50.2%)

Age (years): ≤64 = 36.8%, ≥65 = 63.2%

Chronic stroke (14 years)

Sum of scores from 1 to 4 in the items: patient’s own perceived health, frequency of symptoms, and the frequency of occasions when they had been worried about their health (last month)

Done

Tsuji et al., 1994 [64] / Japan

n = 34 (deaths for stroke)

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Done

Pope, 1988 [50] / United States of America

n = 138

Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor

Not done