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Table 2 Clinical background of patients with positive and negative CSF for JCV DNA

From: Improving detection of JC virus by ultrafiltration of cerebrospinal fluid before polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Patient

CSF JCV

Age (y)

Sex

Underlying disease

Immunosuppressive factor

1

Positive

88

F

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Unknowna

2

Positive

58

F

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus nephritis

Sjögren’s syndrome

Prednisolone

Methotrexate

3

Positive

59

F

Nephrotic syndrome

Prednisolone

4

Positive

36

F

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Prednisolone

Cyclophosphamide

5

Positive

38

F

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus nephritis

Prednisolone

Mycophenolate mofetil

6

Positive

42

M

HIV infection

AIDS

7

Positive

63

F

Multiple sclerosis

Fingolimod

8

Positiveb

41

M

HIV infection

AIDS

9

Negative

70

F

Sarcoidosis

Prednisolone

10

Negative

34

M

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Cytarabine

Methotrexate

Rituximab

11

Negative

65

M

Liver disease (transplantation)

Tacrolimus

Mycophenolate mofetil

12

Negative

67

F

Drug-induced nephropathy

Cyclosporine

13

Negative

52

M

No disease

Unknown

14

Negative

81

F

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Chemotherapy (R-EPOCH)

Methotrexate

15

Negative

72

M

No disease

Unknown

16

Negative

48

F

Multiple sclerosis

Glatiramer acetate

17

Negative

56

M

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

Thymoglobulin

Chemotherapy (mLSG15)

18

Negative

53

M

No disease

Unknown

19

Negative

50

M

HIV infection

AIDS

20

Negative

53

F

Follicular lymphoma

Chemotherapy (R-CHOP)

Methotrexate

  1. Abbreviations: AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, CSF Cerebrospinal fluid, HIV Human immunodeficiency virus, JCV JC virus, mLSG15 modified Lymphoma Study Group 15, R-EPOCH Rituximab plus etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, R-CHOP Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone
  2. aPatient received neither radiation therapy nor chemotherapy
  3. bJCV DNA was detected in the ultrafiltrated CSF specimen