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Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Participants, the ARIC Study (1990–1992)

From: Mid-life serum Vitamin D concentrations were associated with incident dementia but not late-life neuropsychological performance in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Baseline characteristics

Overall

25(OH) D (ng/mL)

≥30 (Sufficient)

20- < 30 (Intermediate)

< 20 (Deficient)

N

13,039

3046

5759

4234

25(OH) D (ng/mL), b range

0.5–108.7

30–108.7

20- < 30

0.5- < 20

25(OH) D (ng/mL),b mean (SD)

24.3 (8.6)

35.8 (5.9)

24.8 (2.8)

15.3 (3.5)

Age (years), mean (SD)

57.4 (5.7)

57.9 (5.7)

57.6 (5.7)

56.9 (5.7)

Women, n (%)

7384 (56.6%)

1490 (48.9%)

2998 (52.1%)

2896 (68.4%)

Race/Center, n (%)

 Minneapolis, MN Whites

3527 (27.1%)

981 (32.2%)

1721 (29.9%)

825 (19.5%)

 Washington County, MD Whites

3373 (25.9%)

902 (29.6%)

1623 (28.2%)

848 (20%)

 Forsyth County, NC Whites

2974 (22.8%)

961 (31.6%)

1400 (24.3%)

613 (14.5%)

 Forsyth County, NC Blacks

344 (2.6%)

18 (0.6%)

94 (1.6%)

232 (5.5%)

 Jackson, MS Blacks

2821 (21.6%)

184 (6%)

921 (16%)

1716 (40.5%)

Education, n (%) a

 < High School

2785 (21.4%)

562 (18.5%)

1181 (20.5%)

1042 (24.6%)

 High School, GED, or Vocational School

5451 (41.8%)

1358 (44.6%)

2392 (41.5%)

1701 (40.2%)

 College, Graduate, or Professional School

4803 (36.8%)

1126 (37%)

2186 (38%)

1491 (35.2%)

BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)

28.0 (5.4)

26.3 (4.2)

27.8 (5)

29.5 (6.3)

Physical activity index, mean (SD) a

2.4 (0.8)

2.7 (0.8)

2.5 (0.8)

2.2 (0.7)

Current Smoker, n (%)

2857 (21.9%)

595 (19.5%)

1149 (20.0%)

1113 (26.3%)

Current Drinker, n (%)

7349 (56.4%)

1920 (63.0%)

3365 (58.4%)

2064 (48.8%)

Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg), mean (SD)

121.5 (18.9)

119.2 (18.0)

120.8 (18.4)

124.1 (19.8)

Use of Hypertension Medications, n (%)

4282 (32.8%)

836 (27.5%)

1828 (31.7%)

1618 (38.2%)

Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD)

210.1 (39.5)

209.3 (38)

210.3 (38.6)

210.4 (41.6)

HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD)

49.7 (16.8)

51.2 (17.9)

48.7 (16.1)

50.1 (16.8)

Use of Cholesterol Medications, n (%)

830 (6.4%)

225 (7.4%)

382 (6.6%)

223 (5.3%)

Diabetes, n (%)

1913 (14.7%)

272 (8.9%)

789 (13.7%)

852 (20.1%)

Prevalent Coronary Heart Disease, n (%)

753 (5.8%)

192 (6.3%)

333 (5.8%)

228 (5.4%)

Prevalent stroke, n (%)

252 (1.9%)

38 (1.3%)

116 (2%)

98 (2.3%)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean (SD)

96.3 (15.8)

92.7 (14)

95.5 (14.7)

99.9 (17.6)

Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL), mean (SD)

42.6 (23.9)

36.8 (12.7)

41.3 (18.6)

48.7 (33.3)

Calcium (mg/dL), mean (SD)

9.4 (0.4)

9.3 (0.4)

9.4 (0.4)

9.4 (0.5)

Phosphate (mg/dL), mean (SD)

3.5 (0.5)

3.5 (0.5)

3.5 (0.5)

3.6 (0.5)

Thyroid stimulating hormone (mIU/L), median (IQI)

1.8 (1.2–2.7)

1.9 (1.3–2.8)

1.8 (1.2–2.7)

1.7 (1.1–2.6)

  1. Abbreviations: ARIC Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; eGFR Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; IQI Interquartile interval
  2. a Measured at ARIC visit 1
  3. b To convert 25(OH) D from ng/mL to nmol/L, multiply by 2.496