Table 3 Mental changes in the 663 older adults that were noticed by their family members
Hasegawa Dementia Scale score | ≤20 (a) | 21–24 (b) | ≥25 (c) | Chi-square | Adjusted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 80) | (n = 78) | (n = 505) | test | residual | ||
% | % | % | P value | O < E | E < O | |
Lacking vitality and feeling depressed | 10.0 | 5.1 | 2.0 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Loss of appetite | 7.5 | 6.4 | 3.0 | 0.074 | c | |
Constantly experiencing negative thoughts | 11.3 | 9.0 | 4.6 | 0.028 | c | a |
Feeling restless | 11.3 | 3.8 | 1.6 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Feeling more moody in the mornings and less so in the evenings | 3.8 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 0.260 | ||
Worrying about their health | 5.0 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 0.411 | ||
Frequently consulting physicians and successively changing medical institutions | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.388 | ||
Being unable to sleep at night | 8.8 | 7.7 | 5.3 | 0.398 | ||
Assuming the intentions of strangers to be bad and being convinced that things that are not fact are true | 6.3 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 0.001 | c | a |
Seeing things that are not there and hearing voices | 10.0 | 2.6 | 0.4 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Becoming more forgetful | 38.8 | 14.1 | 1.0 | < 0.001 | c | a,b |
Being half awake at night making noise and moving about | 5.0 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.001 | c | a |
Sometimes confusing night and day | 17.5 | 5.1 | 0.8 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Occasionally getting lost when going out | 2.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.001 | c | a |
Becoming very stubborn and obstinate | 21.3 | 10.3 | 5.0 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Diminished consideration for others (selfishness) | 25.0 | 7.7 | 2.6 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Emotional instability | 17.5 | 5.1 | 2.2 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Preferring to stay home and being unwilling to meet other people | 12.5 | 7.7 | 1.8 | < 0.001 | c | a |
Losing motivation and interest in things | 25.0 | 5.1 | 2.2 | < 0.001 | c | a |