Table 1 Studies included in the systematic review
Authors | Study Design | TXA Protocol | Matching Placebo | Sample Size (n) | Age (mean ± SD, years) | Male (%) | Time from Injury Eligibility (hours) | Mean Time from Injury (hours) | Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CRASH-32019 | Double-blind RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 10 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Matching Placebo (NS) | 9127 (4613/4514) | 41.7 ± 19.0 vs 41.9 ± 19.0 | 80 vs 80 | Originally 8, changed to 3 h | 1.9 ± 0.7 | National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment, JP Moulton Charitable Trust, Department of Health and Social Care, Department for International Development, Global Challenges Research Fund, Medical Research Council, and Wellcome Trust (Joint Global Health Trials scheme). |
NCT01990768 (Bolus-Maintenance Group) | Double-blind RCT | 1 g TXA bolus (prehospital), followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Matching Placebo (NS) | 621 (312/309) | 39 (26–57) vs 36 (25–55) | 73 vs 75 | 2 | N/A | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; United States Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity |
Chakroun-Walha 2018 | Open-label RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 10 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | None (no TXA) | 180 (96/84) | 44 ± 20 vs 39 ± 18 | M/F Ratio: 11 vs 8.3 | 24 | N/A | None |
Fakharian 2017 | Double-blind RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 10 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Matching Placebo (NS) | 149 (74/75) | 42.3 ± 18.3 vs 39.3 ± 18.1 | 91 vs 88 | 8 | N/A | Kashan University of Medical Sciences |
Jokar 2017 | Single-blind RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 10 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Unobvious Placebo | 80 (40/40) | 35.4 ± 14.6 vs 36.2 ± 14.9 | 40 vs 35 | 2 | N/A | Arak University of Medical Sciences |
CRASH-22013 | Double-blind RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 10 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Matching Placebo (NS) | 10,060/10067 | 34.6 ± 14.1 vs 34.5 ± 14.4 | 84 vs 84 | 8 | 2.9 ± 2.6 | Health Technology Assessment Programme; National Institute for Health Research |
Yutthakasemsunt 2013 | Double-blind RCT | 1 g TXA infused over 30 min, followed by IV infusion of 1 g over 8 h | Matching Placebo (Sterile Water) | 238 (120/118) | 34.8 ± 16.0 vs 34.1 ± 15.3 | 86 vs 91 | 8 | 7.1 ± 1.29 | The Thailand Research Fund |