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Table 3 Postoperative nausea and vomiting outcomes

From: "RETRACTED ARTICLE:Successful implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol reduces nausea and vomiting after infratentorial craniotomy for tumour resection: a randomized controlled trial

Phase

Parameter

Control group

(n = 55)

ERAS group

(n = 50)

P value

Pre-operation

PONV simple risk assessment, n(%)

55 (100%)

50 (100%)

–

High-risk individuals, n(%)

18 (33%)

20 (40%)

0.54

Post-operation

PONV prophylaxis, n(%)

0 (0%)

20 (40%)

< 0.01

Complete response

 POD 1, n(%)

22 (40%)

23 (46%)

0.56

 POD 2, n(%)

22 (40%)

31 (62%)

0.03

 POD 3, n(%)

29 (53%)

37 (74%)

0.02

Vomiting

 POD 1, n(%)

15 (27%)

9 (18%)

0.35

 POD 2, n(%)

12 (22%)

3 (6%)

0.02

 POD 3, n(%)

8 (15%)

1 (2%)

0.03

Nausea score (VAS), POD 1

  

0.33

 Mild (0–4), n(%)

24 (44%)

29 (58%)

 

 Moderate (5–6), n(%)

16 (29%)

11 (22%)

Severe (7–10), n(%)

15 (27%)

10 (20%)

Nausea score (VAS), POD 2

  

0.01

 Mild (0–4), n(%)

25 (45%)

35 (70%)

 

 Moderate (5–6), n(%)

16 (29%)

11 (22%)

 Severe (7–10), n(%)

14 (25%)

4 (8%)

Nausea score (VAS), POD 3

  

0.02

 Mild (0–4), n(%)

33 (60%)

40 (80%)

 

 Moderate (5–6), n(%)

13 (24%)

9 (18%)

 Severe (7–10), n(%)

9 (16%)

1 (2%)

Antiemetic medication administration

POD 1

All antiemetics, no. of requests

15 (27%)

21 (42%)

0.14

tropisetron, mean mg/user

2.8 ± 1.2

3.0 ± 1.1

0.61

POD 2

All antiemetics, no. of requests

12 (22%)

15 (30%)

0.50

tropisetron, mean mg/user

2.5 ± 0.8

2.7 ± 1.0

0.63

POD 3

All antiemetics, no. of requests

8 (15%)

10 (20%)

0.60

tropisetron, mean mg/user

2.3 ± 0.5

2.4 ± 0.7

0.60

  1. Data are expressed as number of patients (%). P value indicates the comparison between control group and ERAS group. POD, Postoperative day; PONV, postoperative nausea and vomiting; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale