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Table 4 Frequency of clinical signs in the selected 373 patients

From: The Filum disease and the Neuro-Cranio-vertebral syndrome: definition, clinical picture and imaging features

Signs

Frequency

Percentage

1.

Spontaneous nystagmus

204

55

2.

Deviation of uvula and/or tongue

237

64

3.

Altered sensibility to temperature

257

69

4.

Altered sensibility to touch

242

65

5.

Altered deep tendon reflexes in upper extremities

322

86

6.

Altered deep tendon reflexes in lower extremities

309

83

7.

Altered cutaneous abdominal reflexes

254

68

8.

Altered cutaneous plantar reflexes1

274

73

9.

Positive straight leg-raising test

165

44

10.

Positive Mingazzini’s test

245

66

11.

Positive Romberg’s test

188

50

12.

Decreased grip strength

259

70

  1. 1Babinski’s sign was present on one or both sides in 109 patients (29%)