Table 1 Selected characteristics of patients with lead encephalopathy
From: Encephalopathy following ingestion of Lead-contaminated opium; magnetic resonance imaging findings
No | Age range (Year) | Gender | BLL (μg/dL) | Hgb (mg/dL) | Signs & Symptoms | EEG Interpretation | Chelating agents | MRI finding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 50–60 | M | 50 | 12.8 | Seizure, abdominal pain, agitation, constipation | mild diffuse encephalopathy | No | abnormal |
2 | 70–80 | M | 200 | 8.7 | Delirium, abdominal pain, weakness, constipation | not done | BAL + EDTA | abnormal |
3 | 30–40 | M | 68 | 7.6 | Abdominal pain, constipation, confusion, seizure | moderate diffuse encephalopathy | BAL + EDTA | abnormal |
4 | 40–50 | M | 95 | 8.1 | Abdominal pain, weakness, myalgia, confusion, seizure, insomnia, loss of appetite, dysarthria, gait disturbance, steering, delirium, seizure, constipation, ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest before arrival | diffuse alpha activity | BAL + EDTA | normal |
5 | 40–50 | M | 101 | 10.2 | Consciousness fluctuation, delirium, hallucination, disorientation, upper motor neuron weakness | moderate diffuse encephalopathy (cortical dysfunction) | BAL + EDTA | normal |
6 | 50–60 | M | 107 | 8.4 | Repeated seizure, weakness, agitation, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, constipation | mild diffuse cortical dysfunction | BAL + EDTA | normal |
7 | 50–60 | M | 105 | 7.6 | Abdominal pain, confusion, disorientation to time, constipation | Normal | BAL + EDTA | normal |
8 | 40–50 | M | 110 | 10.6 | Agitation, seizure, delirium | not done | BAL + EDTA | normal |
9 | 50–60 | F | > 65 | 9.1 | Seizure, delirium, severe agitation, nausea and vomiting, confusion | mild diffuse encephalopathy | BAL + EDTA | normal |