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Table 3 Evolution of hemodynamic and metabolic parameters in patients who presented a first episode of hyponatremia over the study period (N = 16)

From: Salt wasting syndrome in brain trauma patients: a pathophysiologic approach using sodium balance and urinary biochemical analysis

 

Day of hyponatremia

Day - 1

Day - 2

Natremia (mmol/L)

135 [134–135]

138 [137–139]

141 [139–144] *,

Fluid intake (L/24 h)

3.0 [2.5–3.3]

2.5 [2.3–3.0]

2.7 [2.6–3.0]

Diuresis (L/24 h)

2.2 [2.0–3.1]

2.3 [1.7–3.2]

2.2 [1.9–2.6]

Fluid balance (L/24 h)

0.6 [− 0.1–1.0]

0.5 [− 0.8–0.9]

0.4 [−0.2–1.0]

Sodium intake (mmol/24 h)

356 [297–425]

278 [224–363]

288 [252–319] *

Urinary sodium excretion (mmol/24 h)

316 [178–452]

372 [288–553]

403 [297–466]

Sodium balance (mmol/24 h)

87 [− 97–148]

− 98 [− 211–74]

−130 [− 213 – − 2]

24-h CLCR(ml/min/1.73m2)

145 [127–165]

161 [139–173]

141 [128–163]

Urinary osmolality (mmol/L)

595 [491–686]

551 [498–712]

636 [483–740]

24-h CLH2O(ml/min/1.73m2)

- 1.6 [−1.9 – − 1.3]

- 1.6 [− 1.9 – − 1.3]

- 1.8 [− 2.0 – − 1.1]

Fractional excretion of sodium (%)

1.04 [0.52–1.80]

0.95 [0.81–2.27]

1.15 [0.99–1.63]

Fractional excretion of urate (%)

27 [15–28]

21 [14–27]

23 [16–25] *

BUN (mmol/L)

4.9 [3.3–6.3]

4.1 [2.5–5.2]

3.0 [2.3–4.6] *

Protidemia (g/L)

65 [60–67]

62 [58–68]

58 [53–63] *,

Hte (%)

32 [29–36]

33 [30–35]

31 [30–35]

Mean MAP (mmHg)

92 [86–98]

94 [91–94]

91 [87–94]

Use of vasopressor

5 (31)

8 (50)

8 (50)

  1. Data expressed as median [interquartile 25–75] and numbers (percentages)
  2. * = p < 0.05 between Day − 2 and Day 0; † = p < 0.05 between Day − 2 and Day − 1 (continuous variables compared using Wilcoxon test for paired samples)