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Table 2 Overview assessments DUPARC

From: Study protocol of the DUtch PARkinson Cohort (DUPARC): a prospective, observational study of de novo Parkinson’s disease patients for the identification and validation of biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease subtypes, progression and pathophysiology

Assessments

Endpoint

Baseline

Follow-up 1 year

Follow-up 3 years

Cognition

 Montreal cognitive assessment

Cognitive screening

X

X

X

 Rey auditory verbal learning test

Learning and memory

X

 

X

 Location learning test

Learning and memory

X

 

X

 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV: Digit Span

Learning and memory

X

 

X

 Wisconsin card sorting test

Executive functioning

X

 

X

 Letterfluency

Executive functioning

X

 

X

 Hayling sentence completion test

Executive functioning

X

 

X

 Stroop color word test

Complex attention

X

 

X

 Trail making test

Complex attention

X

 

X

 Vienna Test System Reaction time test

Complex attention

X

 

X

 Boston naming test

Language

X

 

X

 Semantic Fluency

Language

X

 

X

 Test of everyday attention: Map search

Perceptual-motor function

X

 

X

 Judgment of line orientation

Perceptual-motor function

X

 

X

 Facial expression of emotion: Stimuli and tests

Social cognition

X

 

X

 Dutch adult reading test

Premorbid intelligence

X

 

X

Vision

 Farnsworth D15, Lanthony D15

Color vision

X

 

X

 Optical Coherence Tomography

Structural retinal imaging

X

 

X

 HFA2 SITA Fast

Peripheral vision

X

 

X

 Pelli Robson Contrast Sensitivity

Contrast sensitivity

X

 

X

 Non-contact tonometry

Intraocular pressure

X

 

X

 Visual acuity

Visual acuity

X

 

X

Gastrointestinal function

 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing

Fecal microbiome composition

X

X

 

 Stool diary (7 days)

Stool frequency and consistency

X

X

 

 Dietary diary (3 days)

Nutrient intake

X

X

 

 Fecal calprotectin

Intestinal wall permeability - inflammation

X

  

 Fecal alpha1-antitrypsin

Intestinal wall permeability - protein leakage

X

  

 Serum zonulina

Intestinal wall permeability - mucosal barrier integrity

X

  

 Urinary sugar excretion testa

Intestinal wall permeability

X

  

 Serum LPSa

Intestinal wall permeability - microbial translocation

X

  

Other non-motor symptom assessment

 Sniffin’ Sticks

Hyposmia

X

 

X

 Non Motor Symptom Questionnaire

Non-motor symptoms screening

X

X

X

 REM Sleep Behavioral Disorder Questionnaire

REM sleep behavioral disorder

X

X

X

 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

Anxiety and depression

X

X

X

 Dutch Multifactor Fatigue Scale

Fatigue

X

X

X

 Apathy Evaluation Scale

Apathy

X

X

X

 Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale

Impulsive-compulsive disorder

X

X

X

Motor assessment

 MDS-UPDRS III

Motor functioning

X

X

X

 Hoehn & Yahr

Disease severity

X

X

X

 MDS-UPDRS IV

Motor complications dopaminergic medication

 

X

X

Burden of disease

 MDS-UPDRS II

Motor aspects of experiences of daily living

X

X

X

 Utrechtse coping lijst

Coping

X

X

X

 Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire 39

Quality of life

X

X

X

 Dysexecutive Questionnaire

Dysexecutive syndrome

X

X

X

 Zarit Caregiver Burden inventory

Caregiver burden

X

X

X

General information

 Disease History

 

X

X

X

 Demographics

 

X

 

X

Imaging

 FDOPA PET

Brain dopaminergic imaging

X

 

X

 FEOBV PET

Brain cholinergic imaging

X

 

X

 MRI brain – Resting State

 

X

 

X

 MRI brain – Diffusion Tensor Imaging

 

X

 

X

 MRI brain – Arterial Spin Labeling

 

X

 

X

 MRI brain – T1

 

X

 

X

 MRI brain – T2

 

X

 

X

 MRI brain - Susceptibility Weighted Imaging

 

X

 

X

Genetics

 GSA-MD

Genome-wide genotyping

X

  

Blood samplesa

 Plasma EDTA (8 × 2 ml aliquots)

 

X

 

X

 Serum (4 × 2 ml aliquots)

 

X

 

X

 Buffy coat (2x)

 

X

 

X

  1. EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, FDOPA PET 18Fluor dopamine positron emission tomography, FEOBV PET 18Fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol positron emission tomography, GSA-MD Illumina Infinium Global Screening Assay (MD variant), HFA2 SITA Fast Humphrey Field Analyzer 2 SITA 24–2 – Fast visual field perimetry, LPS Lipopolysaccharide; MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  2. aBlood withdrawal and urinary sugar excretion tests are performed in a subset of participants