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Table 2 Clinical Symptoms of AD-Aa and AD-NAb groups

From: Correlations of apathy with clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and olfactory dysfunctions: a cross-sectional study

 

AD-A group (60 cases)

AD-NA group (64 cases)

P value

Global cognitive function

 MMSEc [points, median (quartile)]

18.0(10.0 ~ 25.0)

26.0(21.3 ~ 29.0)

0.000*

Memory

 AVLTd−Immediate recall [points, median (quartile)]

9.0(6.0 ~ 12.0)

13.0(8.8 ~ 17.0)

0.001*

 AVLT-Short-delayed recall [points, median (quartile)]

0(0 ~ 3.0)

2.5(0 ~ 6.5)

0.000*

 AVLT-long-delayed recall [points, median (quartile)]

0(0 ~ 3.0)

3.0(0 ~ 6.0)

0.003

Attention

 SDMTe [points, median (quartile)]

22.0(12.0 ~ 29.0)

21.0(15.0 ~ 38.0)

0.445

 TMTf-A-time consuming [seconds, median (quartile)]

108.0(67.0 ~ 187.5)

75.0(60.0 ~ 122.0)

0.075

Executive function

 SCWTg [points, median (quartile)]

46.5(41.5 ~ 49.25)

48.0(42.3 ~ 50.0)

0.265

 TMT-B- time consuming [seconds, median (quartile)]

238.0(194.0 ~ 240.0)

222.0(168.5 ~ 240.0)

0.550

Language

 AFTh (points, mean ± SD)

11.5(8.3 ~ 14.8)

15.5(12.0 ~ 20.0)

0.000*

Visuospatial function

 CFTi-Copy [points, median (quartile)]

22.0(5.0 ~ 32.0)

26.0(10.5 ~ 34.0)

0.427

Neuropsychiatric symptoms

 HAMDj [points, median (quartile)]

10.0(3.0 ~ 15.0)

4.0(1.0 ~ 8.0)

0.001*

 HAMAk [points, median (quartile)]

6.0(3.0 ~ 12.0)

3.0(0 ~ 6.0)

0.004

 CMAIl [points, median (quartile)]

29.0(29.0 ~ 38.0)

29.0(29.0 ~ 29.0)

0.000*

Activities of daily living

 BADLm [points, median (quartile)]

6.0(6.0 ~ 10.0)

6.0(6.0 ~ 6.0)

0.001*

 IADLo [points, median (quartile)]

11.5(8.0 ~ 25.5)

8.0(8.0 ~ 11.0)

0.000*

  1. *P < 0.002 after Bonferroni correction, aAD-A Alzheimer disease with apathy, bAD-NA Alzheimer disease with no apathy, c Mini-Mental State Examination, dAVLT Auditory Verbal Learning Test, eSDMT Symbol Digit Modalities Test, fTMT Trial Making Test, gSCWT Stroop Color Word Test, hAFT Animal Fluency Test, iCFT Complex Figure Test, jHAMD Hamilton Depression Scale, kHAMA Hamilton Anxiety Scale, lCMAI Cohen- Mansfield Agitation Inventory, mBasic Activity of Daily Living, oInstrucmental Activity of Daily Living