Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients of two groups (N = 191)
From: The association between retinal vessel abnormalities and H-type hypertension
Variable | Isolated hypertension (86) | H-type hypertension (105) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | |||
Age, y, mean ± SD | 64.62 ± 10.97 | 66.29 ± 12.35 | 0.328 |
Sex, male, n (%) | 63(73.3%) | 76(72.4%) | 0.892 |
Smoking currently, n (%) | 41(47.7%) | 53(50.5%) | 0.700 |
Alcohol use, n (%) | 17(19.8%) | 29(27.6%) | 0.207 |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 8(9.3%) | 4(3.8%) | 0.120 |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 8(9.3%) | 12(11.4%) | 0.633 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 23(26.7%) | 39(37.1%) | 0.127 |
Hypertension duration, median (IQR) | 10.00(5.0,13.00) | 12.00(6.00,15.00) | 0.145 |
Laboratory examination, Mean ± SD | |||
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.92 ± 1.03 | 4.01 ± 0.78 | 0.489 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 2.07 ± 3.73 | 1.75 ± 0.87 | 0.400 |
LDL, mmol/L | 2.09 ± 0.75 | 2.21 ± 0.64 | 0.215 |
HDL, mmol/L | 1.05 ± 0.31 | 1.05 ± 0.25 | 1.000 |
Serum creatinine, mmol/L | 69.90 ± 19.95 | 70.75 ± 17.41 | 0.755 |
Homocysteine, µmol/L, median (IQR) | 8.50(7.33, 9.33) | 14.25(12.23,18.37) | 0.000 |
Retinal vessel abnormalities | |||
Retinopathy, n (%) | 19 (22.1%) | 44 (41.9%) | 0.004 |
Hemangioma, n (%) | 14(16.3%) | 26 (24.8%) | 0.152 |
Hemorrhages, n (%)a | 1(1.2%) | 5 (4.8%) | 0.316 |
Hard exudates, n (%) | 9(10.5%) | 21(20.0%) | 0.072 |
Soft exudates, n (%) | 6(7.0%) | 11(10.5%) | 0.398 |
Arteriovenous nicking, n (%) | 32(37.2%) | 53(50.5%) | 0.066 |
Vascular curvature, median (IQR) | 1.00(1.00,1.00) | 1.00(1.00,1.50) | 0.511 |
Arteriosclerosis grades, median (IQR) | 1.00(0.00,1.00) | 1.00(0.00,2.00) | 0.005 |
CRVE,µm | 195.98 ± 21.19 | 194.07 ± 19.10 | 0.515 |
CRAE,µm | 113.49 ± 11.72 | 107.47 ± 13.99 | 0.002 |
AVR | 0.58 ± 0.06 | 0.55 ± 0.06 | 0.001 |