Table 1 Distribution of demographic and clinical characteristics among acute ischemic stroke patients and controls

Age, years

70.62 ± 10.67

70.51 ± 10.49

0.929

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

147.12 ± 24.20

134.16 ± 22.60

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

83.40 ± 19.18

75.32 ± 14.10

<0.001

Height, m

1.67 ± 0.07

1.64 ± 0.09

0.001

Weight, kg

65.80 ± 8.98

64.21 ± 10.72

0.167

Body mass index, kg/m²

23.55 ± 2.88

23.84 ± 3.27

0.413

Hypertension

77 (52.7)

58 (38.2)

0.014

Diabetes mellitus

39 (26.7)

28 (18.4)

0.097

Smoking, current

46 (31.5)

34 (22.4)

0.089

Alcohol, current

57 (39.0)

51 (33.6)

0.337

Cardiovascular disease^a

32 (21.9)

19 (12.5)

0.033

Hyperlipidemia

61 (41.8)

49 (32.2)

0.094

Atrial fibrillation

26 (17.8)

14 (9.2)

0.040

CKD

33 (22.6)

17 (11.2)

0.013

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.24 ± 1.10

4.93 ± 1.06

0.014

Triglyceride, mmol/L

1.86 ± 0.99

1.60 ± 1.04

0.032

HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

1.17 ± 0.26

1.23 ± 0.33

0.083

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

3.35 ± 1.04

3.15 ± 0.86

0.072

HbA1c, %

6.13 ± 1.64

5.83 ± 1.17

0.074

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²

69.93 ± 15.39

74.69 ± 13.64

0.005

Estradiol, pmol/L

71.63 ± 50.45

62.33 ± 49.70

0.110

Total testosterone, nmol/L

13.62 ± 7.66

15.53 ± 10.18

0.070

Free testosterone, nmol/L

0.25 ± 0.12

0.25 ± 0.09

0.827

Progesterone, nmol/L

1.71 ± 0.70

1.84 ± 0.63

0.098

17-OH progesterone, nmol/L

4.91 ± 1.84

4.96 ± 2.09

0.809

E/T ratio

6.75 ± 5.97

4.72 ± 4.38

0.001

E/free T ratio

366.43 ± 342.95

291.50 ± 332.19

0.056