Skip to main content

Table 2 Etiologies of young stroke patients according to TOAST classification

From: Prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis

TOAST subtypes

ALL (n = 249)

Stenosis group (n = 110)

No-stenosis group (n = 139)

Large artery atherosclerosis

102 (41.0%)

80 (72.7%)

22 (15.8%)

Small vessel disease

84 (33.7%)

7 (6.4%)

77 (55.4%)

Cryptogenic etiology

34 (13.7%)

9 (8.2%)

25 (18.0%)

Other determined etiology

23 (9.2%)

13 (11.8%)

10 (7.2%)

 Moyamoya disease

11 (47.8%)

9 (69.2%)

2 (20.0%)

 Dissection

4 (17.4%)

2 (15.4%)

2 (20.0%)

 Radiation vasculopathy

2 (8.7%)

1 (7.7%)

1 (10.0%)

 Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

2 (8.7%)

0

2 (20.0%)

 Other vasculitis

2 (8.7%)

0

2 (20.0%)

 Infectious vasculitis

1 (4.3%)

1 (7.7%)

0

 Metabolic Encephalopathy

1 (4.3%)

0

1 (10.0%)

Cardioemblolism

6 (2.4%)

1 (0.9%)

5 (3.6%)

 Patent foramen ovale

3 (50%)

0

3 (60.0%)

 Atrial fibrillation

1 (16.7%)

0

1 (20.0%)

 Myocardial infarction

1 (16.7%)

0

1 (20.0%)

 Dilated cardiomyopathy

1 (16.7%)

1 (100%)

0

  1. TOAST indicates Trial of Org 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment