Table 4 Relationship between frailty group and health-related quality of life score
ROBUST | PRE-FRAIL | FRAIL | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Difference from Robust | Difference from Robust | |||||||||
Unadjusted | N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | p value | N | Mean (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | p value |
3 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 180 | 0.865 (0.841 to 0.889) | 337 | 0.767 (0.749 to 0.784) | − 0.098(− 0.128 to − 0.069) | < 0.001 | 61 | 0.659 (0.618 to 0.701) | −0.206 (− 0.253 to − 0.158) | < 0.001 |
EQ-5D VAS | 183 | 73.6 (71.0 to 76.2) | 325 | 62.4 (60.4 to 64.4) | −11.3 (− 14.5 to −8.0) | < 0.001 | 60 | 50.8 (46.2 to 55.3) | − 22.9 (− 28.1 to −17.7) | < 0.001 |
18 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 168 | 0.872 (0.847 to 0.896) | 284 | 0.755 (0.737 to 0.773) | −0.117 (− 0.147 to − 0.086) | < 0.001 | 41 | 0.596 (0.549 to 0.643) | −0.276 (− 0.329 to − 0.223) | < 0.001 |
EQ-5D VAS | 168 | 73.9 (71.2 to 76.6) | 272 | 62.4 (60.3 to 64.4) | −11.5 (− 14.9 to −8.1) | < 0.001 | 38 | 48.5 (43.0 to 53.9) | −25.4 (− 31.5 to −19.3) | < 0.001 |
Change between 3 and 18 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 194 | 0.007 (−0.014 to 0.028) | 366 | −0.012 (− 0.005 to 0.028) | −0.019 (− 0.046 to 0.008) | 0.175 | 65 | − 0.063 (− 0.105 to − 0.020) | −0.070 (− 0.117 to − 0.022) | 0.004 |
EQ-5D VAS | 194 | 0.2 (− 2.4 to 2.9) | 355 | 0.0 (− 2.0 to 2.1) | −0.3 (− 3.6 to 3.9) | 0.880 | 64 | −2.3 (2.7) | −2.5 (− 8.6 to 3.5) | 0.412 |
3 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 176 | 0.840 (0.816 to 0.864) | 330 | 0.774 (0.757 to 0.790) | −0.067 (− 0.097 to − 0.037) | < 0.001 | 60 | 0.691 (0.650 to 0.732) | − 0.149 (− 0.198 to − 0.100) | < 0.001 |
EQ-5D VAS | 179 | 72.6 (69.8 to 75.3) | 321 | 62.7 (60.8 to 64.7) | −9.8 (− 13.3 to − 6.3) | < 0.001 | 59 | 52.3 (47.6 to 57.1) | −20.2 (− 25.9 to − 14.5) | < 0.001 |
18 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 164 | 0.847 (0.822 to 0.871) | 330 | 0.762 (0.745 to 0.780) | − 0.084 (− 0.115 to 0.054) | < 0.001 | 40 | 0.641 (0.594 to 0.687) | − 0.206 (− 0.260 to 0.152) | < 0.001 |
EQ-5D VAS | 164 | 72.8 (70.0 to 75.7) | 320 | 62.5 (60.4 to 64.7) | − 10.3 (− 13.9 to − 6.7) | < 0.001 | 37 | 50.0 (44.3 to 55.7) | −22.8 (− 29.3 to − 16.3) | < 0.001 |
Change between 3 and 18 months | ||||||||||
EQ-5D-5L index | 194 | 0.006 (− 0.015 to 0.028) | 357 | − 0.011 (− 0.028 to 0.005) | − 0.018 (− 0.045 to 0.009) | 0.203 | 64 | −0.050 (−0.092 to −0.007) | −0.056 (−0.104 to −0.009) | 0.021 |
EQ-5D VAS | 194 | 0.2 (− 2.4 to 2.9) | 349 | −0.2 (− 2.3 to 1.9) | −0.4 (− 3.8 to 3.0) | 0.803 | 63 | −2.3 (− 7.8 to 3.2) | − 2.5 (− 8.7 to 3.6) | 0.416 |